Department of Dental Public Health and Professional Practice, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2024 Apr 16;19(4):e0302232. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302232. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND: A large proportion of United States (U.S.) youth play basketball, baseball, softball, or T-ball. Each of the activities poses a documented risk of craniofacial and neck injuries. However, few studies have assessed the national prevalence of pediatric craniofacial and neck injuries in this population, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) dataset was used to identify pediatric craniofacial and neck injuries associated with basketball, baseball, softball, or T-ball from 2003-2022 in a cross-sectional study. The annual number of injuries before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) was used to estimate the pandemic's impact on the monthly number of injuries incurred nationally. RESULTS: Both overall and stratified by sport involvement, the annual number and rate of injuries identified in NEISS decreased significantly after the COVID-19 pandemic. ITSA demonstrated that the monthly number of injuries decreased -4094.4 (95% CI = -5100, -3088.7) immediately after the beginning of the pandemic. The number of injuries began increasing towards pre-pandemic levels at a rate of 110.6 (95% CI = 64, 157.2) injuries per month after the initial plunge. CONCLUSION: Prior to the-pandemic, there was a steady decline in craniofacial and neck injuries due to basketball, baseball, softball and T-ball among children, aged <18 years. The shutdown during the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a precipitous drop in such injuries. Current rates are approaching pre-pandemic levels and may exceed them. Continued efforts are needed to keep the pre-pandemic progress.
背景:美国很大一部分青少年参与篮球、棒球、垒球或 T 球运动。这些活动都存在记录在案的头颈部受伤风险。然而,很少有研究评估过美国儿童在这一人群中发生的头颈部外伤的全国流行率,尤其是在 COVID-19 大流行之后。
方法:本研究采用全国电子伤害监测系统(NEISS)数据集,通过横断面研究,于 2003-2022 年期间识别与篮球、棒球、垒球或 T 球相关的小儿头颈部损伤。计算了 COVID-19 大流行前后每年(95%置信区间)受伤的数量。采用中断时间序列分析(ITSA)来估计大流行对全国每月受伤人数的影响。
结果:无论整体情况还是按运动参与情况分层,NEISS 确定的每年受伤人数和受伤率在 COVID-19 大流行后均显著下降。ITSA 表明,大流行开始后,每月受伤人数减少了-4094.4(95%CI=-5100,-3088.7)。受伤人数开始以每月 110.6(95%CI=64,157.2)的速度增加,接近大流行前的水平。
结论:在 COVID-19 大流行之前,18 岁以下儿童因篮球、棒球、垒球和 T 球导致的头颈部外伤呈稳步下降趋势。大流行初期的停摆导致此类外伤急剧下降。目前的发生率正在接近大流行前的水平,并且可能会超过。需要继续努力保持大流行前的进展。
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