Taurodontism: review of literature and report of case.

In the foregoing case, the finding of a taurodont dentition led to further investigatory tests. The finding of Barr bodies in the buccal scrapings was insufficient to prove that the patient had Klinefelter's syndrome. The diagnosis of Klinefelter's syndrome was made, however, after a chromosomal analysis of the patient's peripheral blood samples showed a 47 XXY chromosome complement in all of the examined cells. The patient's underlying aneuploid condition was disclosed because of the radiographic study done during the dental examination. The dental practitioner should be familiar with taurodontism because its discovery may help to disclose conditions that would otherwise remain unnoticed.