School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
Dalian SEM Bioengineering Technology Co., Ltd, Dalian, China.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2024 May;23(3):e13338. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.13338.
Mycotoxins, ubiquitous contaminants in food, present a global threat to human health and well-being. Mitigation efforts, such as the implementation of sound agricultural practices, thorough food processing, and the advancement of mycotoxin control technologies, have been instrumental in reducing mycotoxin exposure and associated toxicity. To comprehensively assess mycotoxins and their toxicodynamic implications, the deployment of effective and predictive strategies is imperative. Understanding the manner of action, transformation, and cumulative toxic effects of mycotoxins, moreover, their interactions with food matrices can be gleaned through gene expression and transcriptome analyses at cellular and molecular levels. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) govern the expression of target genes and enzymes that play pivotal roles in physiological, pathological, and toxicological responses, whereas acute phase proteins (APPs) exert regulatory control over the metabolism of therapeutic agents, both endogenously and posttranscriptionally. Consequently, this review aims to consolidate current knowledge concerning the regulatory role of miRNAs in the initiation of toxicological pathways by mycotoxins and explores the potential of APPs as biomarkers following mycotoxin exposure. The findings of this research highlight the potential utility of miRNAs and APPs as indicators for the detection and management of mycotoxins in food through biological processes. These markers offer promising avenues for enhancing the safety and quality of food products.
真菌毒素是食品中普遍存在的污染物，对人类健康和福祉构成全球性威胁。通过实施健全的农业实践、彻底的食品加工以及推进真菌毒素控制技术等缓解措施，有助于减少真菌毒素暴露和相关毒性。为了全面评估真菌毒素及其毒动学影响，必须采用有效的预测策略。通过在细胞和分子水平上进行基因表达和转录组分析，可以了解真菌毒素的作用方式、转化和累积毒性效应，以及它们与食物基质的相互作用。MicroRNAs (miRNAs) 调控靶基因和酶的表达，这些基因和酶在生理、病理和毒理反应中起着关键作用，而急性相蛋白 (APPs) 则对内源性和转录后治疗药物的代谢进行调节控制。因此，本综述旨在整合有关 miRNAs 在真菌毒素引发毒理学途径中的调控作用的现有知识，并探讨 APPs 作为真菌毒素暴露后的生物标志物的潜力。这项研究的结果强调了 miRNAs 和 APPs 作为通过生物过程检测和管理食品中真菌毒素的指标的潜力。这些标志物为提高食品产品的安全性和质量提供了有前景的途径。
