Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
Prisma Health, Midlands Healthy Start, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2024 Aug;33(8):1102-1110. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2023.1189. Epub 2024 Apr 17.
Few studies have examined the associations of intimate partner violence (IPV) exposure during pregnancy and types of IPV with antenatal depression among underserved pregnant women. Data came from participants from a Healthy Start program in South Carolina between 2015 and 2019 ( = 1,629). The first two questions in the Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) were used to measure IPV exposure, that is, having a problematic relationship with their partner. Those who had IPV exposure were assessed with six additional questions of the WAST. Principal component analysis was conducted on the 8-item WAST data to identify underlying types of IPV exposure. Antenatal depression was defined as the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scores ≥16. Participants were racially diverse (71% black, 21% white) with 85% Medicaid recipients. Nearly 12% of participants reported IPV exposure and 30% reported antenatal depression. The odds of having IPV exposure were higher among unmarried women, those with less than a high school education, and those who lacked family support. The odds of having antenatal depression were 2.5 times higher (95% CI: 1.9-3.5) among women with IPV exposure. After controlling for covariates, a one-point increase in the scores for psychological IPV (Factor 1) or a problematic relationship (Factor 3) was associated with increased odds of antenatal depression. This is one of the first studies to estimate the prevalence of IPV exposure using a proxy measure (a problematic relationship) among underserved U.S. pregnant women. Its positive association with antenatal depression suggests the utility of screening for a problematic relationship using a two-item WAST and providing assistance to those with IPV exposure.
很少有研究调查过孕妇在怀孕期间遭受亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）和不同类型的 IPV 与产前抑郁之间的关联，这些研究对象都是服务不足的孕妇。数据来自于 2015 年至 2019 年期间南卡罗来纳州健康启动计划的参与者（=1629）。妇女虐待筛查工具（WAST）的前两个问题用于衡量 IPV 暴露情况，即与伴侣关系出现问题。那些有 IPV 暴露的人会接受 WAST 的另外六个问题进行评估。对 8 项 WAST 数据进行主成分分析，以确定潜在的 IPV 暴露类型。产前抑郁定义为流行病学研究中心抑郁评分≥16。参与者种族多样（71%为黑人，21%为白人），85%为医疗补助接受者。近 12%的参与者报告有 IPV 暴露，30%报告有产前抑郁。未婚女性、受教育程度低于高中的女性以及缺乏家庭支持的女性更有可能遭受 IPV 暴露。有 IPV 暴露的女性产前抑郁的可能性是没有 IPV 暴露的女性的 2.5 倍（95%CI：1.9-3.5）。在控制了协变量后，心理 IPV（因子 1）或关系问题（因子 3）评分增加一个点与产前抑郁的几率增加有关。这是第一项使用代理措施（关系问题）估计服务不足的美国孕妇中 IPV 暴露发生率的研究之一。它与产前抑郁呈正相关，表明使用两项目 WAST 筛查关系问题并为有 IPV 暴露的人提供帮助具有实用性。
