Emerson Tavares Calixto, DDS, MSc student, Ingá University Center, Uningá, Maningá, PR, Brazil.
Vinicius Fernandez Kelmer, DDS student, Ingá University Center, Uningá, Maningá, PR, Brazil.
Oper Dent. 2024 May 1;49(3):325-335. doi: 10.2341/23-124-L.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of various commercial silane brands with varied chemical compositions with or without the application of an adhesive layer on the microshear bond strength and durability of a resin luting agent to lithium disilicate glass ceramic.
Lithium disilicate glass ceramic discs (EMX, IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) measuring 10 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness were fabricated (n=240). Surfaces were etched using 5% hydrofluoric acid and randomly assigned to 10 groups based on the commercial brand of silane used (n=24): [RP] RelyX Ceramic Primer (3M ESPE); [PS] Prosil (FGM); [SA] Silano (Angelus); [SM] Silano (Maquira); [SU] Silane (Ultradent); [GL] GLUMA Ceramic Primer (Kulzer); [CB] Ceramic Bond (VOCO); [MB] Monobond N (Ivoclar Vivadent); [CP] Clearfil Ceramic Primer (Kuraray); and [DE] 2-step silane (Dentsply Sirona). Half of the EMXs (n=12) received a thin adhesive layer (+) after the silane and prior to resin luting agent, while the other half (n=12) did not receive an adhesive layer (-). For the microshear bond strength test (μSBS), four light-cured resin luting agent cylinders (1 mm in diameter) were created on each EMX surface. Half of these specimens were tested after 24 hours, while the other half were stored in deionized water for 6 months. The μSBS test was conducted using a universal testing machine (DL 500, EMIC) at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. The obtained data underwent statistical analysis using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test (α=0.05).
There was significant influence of the silane commercial brand on bond strength. Notably, "universal primers" yielded lower bond strength results compared to "pure" silane solutions. Water storage had a detrimental effect on microshear bond strength for certain silane commercial brands. Additionally, the application of an adhesive layer negatively impacted bond strength results for all silanes.
This study confirms the importance of both silane commercial brand and chemical composition in relation to bond strength of resin luting agents to lithium disilicate glass ceramic. Furthermore, the application of an adhesive layer may have an adverse effect on bond stability over time.
本研究旨在评估不同化学成分的各种商业硅烷品牌，无论是否应用胶粘剂层，对树脂水门汀与锂硅玻璃陶瓷的微剪切结合强度和耐久性的影响。
制作直径为 10mm、厚度为 3mm 的锂硅玻璃陶瓷圆盘（EMX，IPS e.max Press，Ivoclar Vivadent）（n=240）。使用 5%氢氟酸对表面进行蚀刻，并根据使用的商业硅烷品牌将其随机分为 10 组（n=24）：[RP]RelyX 陶瓷底漆（3M ESPE）；[PS]Prosil（FGM）；[SA]Silano（Angelus）；[SM]Silano（Maquira）；[SU]Silane（Ultradent）；[GL]GLUMA 陶瓷底漆（Kulzer）；[CB]陶瓷粘结剂（VOCO）；[MB]Monobond N（Ivoclar Vivadent）；[CP]Clearfil 陶瓷底漆（Kuraray）；和[DE]两步硅烷（登士柏）。一半的 EMX（n=12）在硅烷处理后和树脂水门汀之前先涂一层薄的胶粘剂（+），而另一半（n=12）则不涂胶粘剂（-）。对于微剪切结合强度测试（μSBS），在每个 EMX 表面制作四个光固化树脂水门汀圆柱体（直径 1mm）。这些样本中的一半在 24 小时后进行测试，另一半在去离子水中储存 6 个月。使用万能试验机（DL 500，EMIC）以 1mm/min 的十字头速度进行μSBS 测试，直至破坏。使用方差分析（ANOVA）和 Tukey 检验（α=0.05）对获得的数据进行统计分析。
硅烷商业品牌对结合强度有显著影响。值得注意的是，与“纯”硅烷溶液相比，“通用底漆”的结合强度结果较低。水储存对某些硅烷商业品牌的微剪切结合强度有不利影响。此外，胶粘剂层的应用对所有硅烷的结合强度结果都有负面影响。
本研究证实了硅烷商业品牌和化学成分对树脂水门汀与锂硅玻璃陶瓷结合强度的重要性。此外，胶粘剂层的应用可能会对随着时间的推移的结合稳定性产生不利影响。
