Misbah Iffath, Sharma Praveen K, Faizal Afwaan, Natarajan Paarthipan
Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Mar 18;16(3):e56360. doi: 10.7759/cureus.56360. eCollection 2024 Mar.
The morphology of the distal femur's intercondylar notch has been implicated in the susceptibility to and severity of cruciate ligament injuries. While previous research has primarily focused on isolated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) or posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries, the relationship between notch morphology and combined cruciate injuries remains less understood.
This study aimed to explore the association between femoral notch morphology and the severity of combined cruciate ligament injuries in adult males.
In this retrospective cohort study, MRI scans from 118 adult male participants with and without knee dislocations (60 cases with Schenk classification Type II or higher knee dislocations and 58 controls) were analyzed. The study period ranged from 2015 to 2023. Femoral notch width, notch width index (NWI), and notch shape (U shape, A shape) were assessed using a Philips Multiva 1.5 Tesla system (Philips, Amsterdam, Netherlands). The statistical significance of differences in measurements between cases and controls was evaluated using independent sample t-tests performed with IBM SPSS Statistics, version 26 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY).
The case group exhibited a significantly smaller mean femoral notch width (15.88 mm ± 2.7 mm) and NWI (0.238 ± 0.58) compared to the control group (notch width 18.29 mm ± 3.4 mm, NWI 0.25 ± 0.31), with p-values of 0.004 for both measurements. The notch shape was predominantly A-shaped in the case group (n = 49) as opposed to U-shaped in the control group (n = 41).
The study identifies a significant association between reduced femoral notch dimensions and the severity of complex cruciate ligament injuries. These findings support the notion that specific femoral notch morphologies may predispose individuals to more severe ligamentous injuries.
股骨髁间窝的形态与十字韧带损伤的易感性和严重程度有关。虽然先前的研究主要集中在孤立的前交叉韧带（ACL）或后交叉韧带（PCL）损伤，但髁间窝形态与复合十字韧带损伤之间的关系仍不太清楚。
本研究旨在探讨成年男性股骨髁间窝形态与复合十字韧带损伤严重程度之间的关联。
在这项回顾性队列研究中，分析了118名有或无膝关节脱位的成年男性参与者的MRI扫描结果（60例Schenk分类II型或更高的膝关节脱位患者和58名对照）。研究期间为2015年至2023年。使用飞利浦Multiva 1.5特斯拉系统（飞利浦，阿姆斯特丹，荷兰）评估股骨髁间窝宽度、髁间窝宽度指数（NWI）和髁间窝形状（U形、A形）。使用IBM SPSS Statistics 26版（IBM公司，阿蒙克，纽约）进行独立样本t检验，评估病例组和对照组测量值差异的统计学意义。
与对照组相比，病例组的平均股骨髁间窝宽度（15.88 mm±2.7 mm）和NWI（0.238±0.58）显著更小（对照组髁间窝宽度18.29 mm±3.4 mm，NWI 0.25±0.31），两项测量的p值均为0.004。病例组的髁间窝形状主要为A形（n = 49），而对照组主要为U形（n = 41）。
该研究确定了股骨髁间窝尺寸减小与复杂十字韧带损伤严重程度之间存在显著关联。这些发现支持了特定的股骨髁间窝形态可能使个体更容易发生更严重韧带损伤的观点。
