A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Sevastopol, Russia.
J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol. 2024 Jul;341(6):717-726. doi: 10.1002/jez.2821. Epub 2024 Apr 18.
In the hypersaline lakes of Crimea, only 5-7 species of animals are common including Gammarus aequicauda (Amphipoda) and Eucypris mareotica (Ostracoda). Two experiments were carried out to characterize the trophic interactions between these species. In one, G. aequicauda were used freshly caught from the lake, and in the other, after they were starved for 2.5 days in the laboratory. The experimental options were one male or female G. aequicauda and either 10, 20, or 30 ostracods. The gammarids actively fed on the ostracods, and significant differences were between females and males. The feeding intensity of males was higher than that of females. However, ostracods are not passive prey, they can actively attack their predator and are capable of causing them harm. Ostracods attacked a Gammarus only if it had captured one of the ostracods. Sex differences in G. aequicauda were also evident in the reaction to the group's aggressive behavior of ostracods. Interactions between Ostracoda and Gammarids cannot be considered unidirectional; they both may be prey or predators depending on the situation.
在克里米亚的高盐湖泊中，只有 5-7 种动物较为常见，包括等足目十足目（Amphipoda）的长刺厚背猛水蚤（Gammarus aequicauda）和介形目（Ostracoda）的滨海真刺猛水蚤（Eucypris mareotica）。进行了两项实验来描述这些物种之间的营养相互作用。在一项实验中，使用了刚从湖中捕获的长刺厚背猛水蚤，在另一项实验中，使用了在实验室中饥饿了 2.5 天的长刺厚背猛水蚤。实验选项为 1 只雄性或雌性长刺厚背猛水蚤和 10、20 或 30 只介形类动物。厚背猛水蚤积极捕食介形类动物，并且雌性和雄性之间存在显著差异。雄性的摄食强度高于雌性。然而，介形类动物并非被动的猎物，它们可以主动攻击捕食者并对其造成伤害。只有当厚背猛水蚤捕获了一只介形类动物时，介形类动物才会攻击它。长刺厚背猛水蚤的性别差异也在其对介形类动物群体攻击行为的反应中表现出来。介形类动物和厚背猛水蚤之间的相互作用不能被视为单向的；它们都可能是猎物或捕食者，具体取决于情况。
