College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; Hebei Provincial Veterinary Biotechnology Innovation Center, Baoding 071001, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 May;276:116344. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116344. Epub 2024 Apr 17.
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the common dietary contaminants worldwide, which can harm the liver of humans and animals. Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide (SMP) is a natural plant-derived polysaccharide with numerous pharmacological activities, including hepatoprotective properties. The purpose of this study is to explore the intervention effect of SMP on AFB1-induced liver injury and its underlying mechanisms in rabbits. The rabbits were administered AFB1 (25 μg/kg/feed) and or treatment with SMP (300, 600, 900 mg/kg/feed) for 42 days. The results showed that SMP effectively alleviated the negative impact of AFB1 on rabbits' productivity by increasing average daily weight gain (ADG) and feed conversion rate (FCR). SMP reduced aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in serum, ameliorating AFB1-induced hepatic pathological changes. Additionally, SMP enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) activity, and inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression, thus mitigating AFB1-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Moreover, SMP upregulated the expression of nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) while downregulating kelch like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1), cytochrome c (cyt.c), caspase9, caspase3, and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) expression, thereby inhibiting AFB1-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. Consequently, our findings conclude that SMP can mitigate AFB1-induced liver damage by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibiting mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway in rabbits.
黄曲霉毒素 B1（AFB1）是一种常见的全球饮食污染物，可损害人类和动物的肝脏。丹参多糖（SMP）是一种天然植物来源的多糖，具有多种药理活性，包括保肝作用。本研究旨在探讨 SMP 对 AFB1 诱导的兔肝损伤的干预作用及其机制。将兔给予 AFB1（25μg/kg/饲料）和/或 SMP（300、600、900mg/kg/饲料）治疗 42 天。结果表明，SMP 通过增加平均日增重（ADG）和饲料转化率（FCR），有效缓解了 AFB1 对兔生产性能的负面影响。SMP 降低了血清中天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）水平，改善了 AFB1 引起的肝组织病理学变化。此外，SMP 增强了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽（GSH）的活性，抑制了活性氧（ROS）、丙二醛（MDA）、4-羟基壬烯醛（4-HNE）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的表达，从而减轻了 AFB1 诱导的氧化应激和炎症反应。此外，SMP 上调了核因子 E2 相关因子 2（Nrf2）、血红素加氧酶 1（HO-1）、NADPH 醌氧化还原酶 1（NQO1）和 B 细胞淋巴瘤 2（Bcl2）的表达，同时下调了 Kelch 样 ECH 相关蛋白 1（Keap1）、细胞色素 c（cyt.c）、半胱天冬酶 9、半胱天冬酶 3 和 Bcl-2 相关 X 蛋白（Bax）的表达，从而抑制了 AFB1 诱导的肝细胞凋亡。因此，我们的研究结果表明，SMP 通过激活 Nrf2/HO-1 通路和抑制兔线粒体依赖性凋亡通路，减轻 AFB1 诱导的肝损伤。
