Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine and Sleep Disorders, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Biometrics and Data Science, Fosun Pharma, Beijing, 100026, PR China.
Am J Med Sci. 2024 Aug;368(2):112-121. doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2024.04.010. Epub 2024 Apr 16.
BACKGROUND: Long-COVID is a multisystem disease that can lead to significant impairments in health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Following COVID-19 infection, abnormalities on pulmonary function tests (PFT) are common. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate for any correlation between PFT abnormalities and impairment in HRQoL scores following COVID-19 infection. METHODS: This is an analysis of a prospective cohort of patients in Louisville, KY who were infected with COVID-19. Data collected included demographics, past medical history, laboratory tests, PFTs, and several HRQoL questionnaires such as the EuroQol 5 Dimension HRQoL questionnaire (EQ-5D-5 L), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Posttraumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Descriptive statistics were performed, comparing PFTs (normal vs abnormal) and time since COVID-19 infection (3- vs 6- vs ≥ 12 months). RESULTS: There were no significant differences in FEV1, FVC, or the percentage of patients with abnormal PFTs over time after COVID-19 infection. Following COVID-19, patients with normal PFTs had worse impairment in mobility HRQoL scores and change in GAD-7 scores over time. There were no differences over time in any of the HRQoL scores among patients with abnormal PFTs. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with an abnormal PFT, there was no temporal association with HRQoL scores as measured by EQ-5D-5 L, GAD-7, PHQ-9, and PCL-5. Among patients with a normal PFT, mobility impairment and anxiety may be associated with COVID-19 infection. Following COVID-19 infection, impairment in HRQoL scores is not completely explained by the presence of abnormalities on spirometry.
背景:长新冠是一种多系统疾病,可导致健康相关生活质量(HRQoL)显著受损。新冠病毒感染后,肺功能测试(PFT)异常很常见。本研究的主要目的是评估新冠病毒感染后 PFT 异常与 HRQoL 评分受损之间是否存在相关性。
方法:这是肯塔基州路易斯维尔的一项前瞻性队列研究,分析了感染新冠病毒的患者。收集的数据包括人口统计学、既往病史、实验室检查、PFT 和几项 HRQoL 问卷,如欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D-5 L)、广泛性焦虑障碍 7 项(GAD-7)、患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)和创伤后应激障碍检查表 5 项(PCL-5)。进行了描述性统计分析,比较了 PFT(正常与异常)和新冠病毒感染后时间(3 个月、6 个月和≥12 个月)。
结果:新冠病毒感染后,FEV1、FVC 或异常 PFT 患者的比例随时间无显著差异。与新冠病毒感染后,PFT 正常的患者在移动性 HRQoL 评分和 GAD-7 评分随时间的变化方面的受损程度更严重。PFT 异常的患者在任何 HRQoL 评分方面随时间均无差异。
结论:在异常 PFT 的患者中,没有发现 HRQoL 评分与 EQ-5D-5 L、GAD-7、PHQ-9 和 PCL-5 之间存在时间关联。在 PFT 正常的患者中,移动性受损和焦虑可能与新冠病毒感染有关。在新冠病毒感染后,HRQoL 评分的受损不能完全用肺功能检查的异常来解释。
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