Gulati Pallavi, Singh Ashish, Patra Sandeep, Bhat Shreyas, Verma Anil
Department of Microbiology, Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
Heliyon. 2024 Mar 5;10(8):e27382. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27382. eCollection 2024 Apr 30.
Restriction modification (RM) systems are one of the ubiquitous yet primitive defense responses employed by bacteria and archaea with the primary role of safeguarding themselves against invading bacteriophages. Protection of the host occurs by the cleavage of the invading foreign DNA via restriction endonucleases with concomitant methylation of host DNA with the aid of a methyltransferase counterpart. RM systems have been extensively studied in bacteria, however, in the case of archaea there are limited reports of RM enzymes that are investigated to date owing to their inhospitable growth demands. This review aims to broaden the knowledge about what is known about the diversity of RM systems in archaea and encapsulate the current knowledge on restriction and modification enzymes characterized in archaea so far and the role of RM systems in the milieu of archaeal biology.
限制修饰（RM）系统是细菌和古菌所采用的普遍存在但较为原始的防御反应之一，其主要作用是保护自身免受入侵噬菌体的侵害。宿主的保护通过限制性内切酶切割入侵的外源DNA来实现，同时在甲基转移酶的辅助下对宿主DNA进行甲基化。RM系统在细菌中已得到广泛研究，然而，就古菌而言，由于其生长条件苛刻，迄今为止对RM酶的报道有限。本综述旨在拓宽对古菌中RM系统多样性的认识，总结目前关于古菌中已鉴定的限制酶和修饰酶的知识，以及RM系统在古菌生物学环境中的作用。
