Fianza Pandji Irani, Rahmawati Anita, Wijaya Indra, Oehadian Amaylia, Prasetya Dimmy, Vidyaniati Putri, Harti Gusti Fungani, Fadjari Trinugroho Heri, Panigoro Ramdan
Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024 Apr 17;17:1663-1669. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S444592. eCollection 2024.
Thalassemia is a chronic disease caused by impaired globin chain synthesis, leading to ineffective erythropoiesis, hemolysis, and chronic anemia. The treatment of patients with thalassemia, including blood transfusion combined with chelation therapy has progressed and improved their survival and prognosis. However, thalassemia-related psychological problems and impaired health-related quality of life (QoL) challenges still exist. Gender is one of the factors that has been suggested, to contribute to the disparities in psychological outcomes. This review article examined the evidence for gender differences in psychological disturbances and QoL in adolescent and adult patients with thalassemia. A non-systematic search of the literature was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar for English full-text available from 2013 to 2023. We identified 23 studies with a sample size ≥ 100 that examined gender disparities in anxiety, depression, and QoL in adolescent and adult patients with thalassemia (mean prevalence of female = 53.1%; mean age = 28 years). Our review shows that there are gender disparities in psychological distress and QoL in adolescent and adult patients with thalassemia. Statistically significant gender differences were demonstrated in 62% of the psychological and QoL outcomes from 16 studies. Female patients had a higher prevalence of anxiety, depression, and poorer QoL in some studies. However, further studies with sufficient power and design are necessary to confirm the existence of gender disparities in psychological disturbances and QoL outcomes.
地中海贫血是一种由珠蛋白链合成受损引起的慢性疾病，导致无效造血、溶血和慢性贫血。地中海贫血患者的治疗，包括输血联合螯合疗法已经取得进展，并改善了他们的生存和预后。然而，与地中海贫血相关的心理问题以及健康相关生活质量（QoL）受损的挑战仍然存在。性别是被认为导致心理结果差异的因素之一。这篇综述文章研究了青少年和成年地中海贫血患者在心理障碍和生活质量方面存在性别差异的证据。在PubMed和谷歌学术上对2013年至2023年期间可获取的英文全文进行了非系统的文献检索。我们确定了23项样本量≥100的研究，这些研究考察了青少年和成年地中海贫血患者在焦虑、抑郁和生活质量方面的性别差异（女性平均患病率 = 53.1%；平均年龄 = 28岁）。我们的综述表明，青少年和成年地中海贫血患者在心理困扰和生活质量方面存在性别差异。在16项研究的62%的心理和生活质量结果中显示出具有统计学意义的性别差异。在一些研究中，女性患者焦虑和抑郁的患病率更高，生活质量更差。然而，需要进一步进行有足够效力和设计合理的研究来证实心理障碍和生活质量结果中性别差异的存在。
