Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
St. Petersburg Branch of the Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Saint Petersburg, 198504, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2024 Mar;89(3):523-542. doi: 10.1134/S0006297924030118.
Less than ten years ago, evidence began to accumulate about association between the changes in the composition of gut microbiota and development of human synucleinopathies, in particular sporadic form of Parkinson's disease. We collected data from more than one hundred and thirty experimental studies that reported similar results and summarized the frequencies of detection of different groups of bacteria in these studies. It is important to note that it is extremely rare that a unidirectional change in the population of one or another group of microorganisms (only an elevation or only a reduction) was detected in the patients with Parkinson's disease. However, we were able to identify several groups of bacteria that were overrepresented in the patients with Parkinson's disease in the analyzed studies. There are various hypotheses about the molecular mechanisms that explain such relationships. Usually, α-synuclein aggregation is associated with the development of inflammatory processes that occur in response to the changes in the microbiome. However, experimental evidence is accumulating on the influence of bacterial proteins, including amyloids (curli), as well as various metabolites, on the α-synuclein aggregation. In the review, we provided up-to-date information about such examples.
不到十年前，越来越多的证据表明肠道微生物群落组成的变化与人类突触核蛋白病（尤其是散发性帕金森病）的发生有关。我们收集了一百三十多项报告类似结果的实验研究的数据，并总结了这些研究中不同细菌群的检测频率。值得注意的是，在帕金森病患者中，仅检测到一种或另一种微生物群体（仅升高或仅降低）的单向变化极为罕见。然而，我们能够确定在分析的研究中，有几组细菌在帕金森病患者中过度表达。关于解释这种关系的分子机制有各种假设。通常，α-突触核蛋白聚集与炎症反应的发生有关，而炎症反应是对微生物组变化的反应。然而，越来越多的实验证据表明，细菌蛋白（包括淀粉样蛋白（卷曲））以及各种代谢物对α-突触核蛋白聚集的影响。在这篇综述中，我们提供了关于这些例子的最新信息。
