School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Xinyi Road, Urumqi 830046, The People's Republic of China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, Urumqi 830046, The People's Republic of China.
School of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Xinyi Road, Urumqi 830046, The People's Republic of China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Jun 20;930:172654. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172654. Epub 2024 Apr 20.
It is a great challenge to restore northern mines after mining and achieve optimal results due to the extremely harsh environment and climate, as in Qinghe County of Xinjiang Province, China. Qinghe County has a climate of drought, cold, strong winds, and high altitude. After sand and iron mining, the soil in this area contains a large amount of sand and gravel with extremely low organic matter, nitrogen deficiency, and a high pH of 9.26. Our preliminary studies disclosed that only three plants, including Caligonum junceum, Atraphaxis virgata, and Melilotus albus Medic, can grow naturally in this environment without any artificial management. For effective ecology restoration, this study explored the mechanism of plant-microbial interaction and stress resistance in this environment. It was found that although the soil condition in the sand iron ore landfill area is extreme, the bacterial diversity remained high, with Shannon and Simpson indices reaching 9.135 and 0.994, respectively. The planting of three types of remediation plants did not significantly improve, or even decreased, the soil bacterial diversity index, but greatly changed the composition of dominant bacterial genera. Significant differences in the composition of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities among these three remediation plants were observed. Potential new bacterial species accounted for 9.8 %, and the proportion of unique genera reached 30 % or 50 %, respectively. Among all the isolated strains, 74 % had nitrogen fixation and other growth-promoting properties. In summary, the soil microbial community structure in this extreme environment is unique and diverse. The types of remediation plants play a major role in the composition of the rhizosphere bacterial community structure, and the recruited growth-promoting bacteria are diverse and functional. This study may offer valuable information for further studies in vegetation restoration and aid in ecology restoration, especially under extreme conditions.
在中国新疆青河县，由于极端恶劣的环境和气候，采矿后的北方矿山恢复是一项巨大的挑战，难以达到最佳效果。青河县气候干旱、寒冷、多风、高海拔。在进行沙石和铁矿开采后，该地区的土壤含有大量沙石和砾石，其有机质含量极低，氮素缺乏，pH 值高达 9.26。我们的初步研究表明，只有三种植物，包括沙拐枣、沙生针茅和草木樨状黄芪，可以在没有任何人工管理的情况下自然生长在这种环境中。为了实现有效的生态恢复，本研究探讨了这种环境中植物-微生物相互作用和抗逆性的机制。研究发现，尽管沙铁矿垃圾填埋场地区的土壤条件极端，但细菌多样性仍然很高，Shannon 和 Simpson 指数分别达到 9.135 和 0.994。种植这三种修复植物并没有显著提高甚至降低土壤细菌多样性指数，但极大地改变了优势细菌属的组成。这三种修复植物的根际土壤细菌群落组成存在显著差异。潜在的新细菌种类占 9.8%，特有属的比例分别达到 30%或 50%。在所有分离的菌株中，74%具有固氮和其他促生长特性。总之，这种极端环境中的土壤微生物群落结构是独特而多样的。修复植物的类型对根际细菌群落结构的组成起着重要作用，而招募的促生细菌种类多样且具有功能。本研究可为进一步的植被恢复研究和生态恢复提供有价值的信息，特别是在极端条件下。
