Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour City, El Beheira 22511, Egypt.
Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), La Plata, Argentina; Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
Gene. 2024 Aug 5;918:148491. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148491. Epub 2024 Apr 20.
Genes encoding bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA) enable the immune system to identify pathogens. Therefore, these genes have been used as genetic markers for infectious and autoimmune diseases as well as for immunological traits in cattle. Although BoLA polymorphisms have been reported in various cattle breeds worldwide, they have not been studied in cattle populations in Egypt. In this study, we characterized BoLA-DRB3 in two local Egyptian populations and one foreign population using polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) method. Fifty-four previously reported BoLA-DRB3 alleles and eight new alleles (BoLA-DRB3*005:08, *015:07, *016:03, *017:04, *020:02:02, 021:03, 164:01, and 165:01) were identified. Alignment analysis of the eight new alleles revealed 90.7-98.9 %, and 83.1-97.8 % nucleotide and amino acid identities, respectively, with the BoLA-DRB3 cDNA clone NR-1. Interestingly, BoLA-DRB3 in Egyptian cattle showed a high degree of allelic diversity in native (na = 28, h > 0.95), mixed (na = 61, h > 0.96), and Holstein (na = 18, h > 0.88) populations. BoLA-DRB3002:01 (14.3 %), BoLA-DRB3001:01 (8.5 %), and BoLA-DRB3015:01 (20.2 %) were the most frequent alleles in native, mixed, and Holstein populations, respectively, indicating that the genetic profiles differed in each population. Based on the allele frequencies of BoLA-DRB3, genetic variation among Egyptian, Asian, African, and American breeds was examined using Nei's distances and principal component analysis. The results suggested that native and mixed cattle populations were most closely associated with African breeds in terms of their gene pool, whereas Holstein cattle were more distinct from the other breeds and were closely related to Holstein cattle populations from other countries.
牛白细胞抗原（BoLA）基因使免疫系统能够识别病原体。因此，这些基因已被用作牛传染病和自身免疫性疾病以及免疫特性的遗传标记。尽管已在世界范围内的各种牛品种中报道了 BoLA 多态性，但在埃及牛群中尚未对其进行研究。在这项研究中，我们使用聚合酶链反应-序列基定型（PCR-SBT）方法对两个埃及本地种群和一个外国种群中的 BoLA-DRB3 进行了特征描述。鉴定出了先前报道的 54 个 BoLA-DRB3 等位基因和 8 个新等位基因（BoLA-DRB3*005:08、*015:07、*016:03、017:04、020:02:02、021:03、164:01 和165:01）。对这 8 个新等位基因的序列比对分析表明，核苷酸和氨基酸的同一性分别为 90.7-98.9%和 83.1-97.8%，与 BoLA-DRB3 cDNA 克隆 NR-1 相似。有趣的是，埃及牛的 BoLA-DRB3 在本地（na=28，h>0.95）、混合（na=61，h>0.96）和荷斯坦（na=18，h>0.88）种群中具有高度的等位基因多样性。BoLA-DRB3002:01（14.3%）、BoLA-DRB3001:01（8.5%）和 BoLA-DRB3015:01（20.2%）分别是本地、混合和荷斯坦种群中最常见的等位基因，表明每个种群的遗传特征不同。根据 BoLA-DRB3 的等位基因频率，使用 Nei 距离和主成分分析检查了埃及、亚洲、非洲和美洲品种之间的遗传变异。结果表明，就其基因库而言，本地和混合牛群与非洲品种最为密切相关，而荷斯坦牛与其他品种的差异更为明显，与其他国家的荷斯坦牛群关系更为密切。
