Brehm Thomas Theo, Matthews Hanna, Hennigs Annette
I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Sektion Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 42, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.
Ambulanzzentrum für Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Deutschland.
Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2024 Jun;119(5):408-418. doi: 10.1007/s00063-024-01147-7. Epub 2024 Apr 23.
This article aims to provide an overview of common and high-impact medical emergencies that require prompt and effective infectious diseases management. In the described clinical scenarios of malaria, sepsis, necrotizing fasciitis, and meningitis the authors have emphasized the crucial importance of rapid and accurate diagnosis, as well as appropriate treatment from the perspective of infectious diseases. All of these emergencies demand a high degree of clinical suspicion for accurate diagnosis. Some of them also necessitate the involvement of other medical disciplines, such as neurology in the case of meningitis or surgery for necrotizing fasciitis. Additionally, implementing the right empiric antibiotic regimen or, in the case of malaria, antiparasitic treatment is crucial for improving patient outcomes. As patients with these diagnoses may present at any outpatient department, and efficient and quick management is essential, a deep understanding of diagnostic algorithms and potential pitfalls is of the utmost importance.
本文旨在概述需要及时、有效进行传染病管理的常见且影响重大的医疗紧急情况。在所描述的疟疾、败血症、坏死性筋膜炎和脑膜炎的临床案例中，作者强调了从传染病角度进行快速准确诊断以及适当治疗的至关重要性。所有这些紧急情况都需要高度的临床怀疑以进行准确诊断。其中一些情况还需要其他医学学科的参与，例如脑膜炎需要神经内科参与，坏死性筋膜炎需要外科参与。此外，实施正确的经验性抗生素治疗方案，或者在疟疾情况下进行抗寄生虫治疗，对于改善患者预后至关重要。由于患有这些疾病的患者可能出现在任何门诊科室，高效快速的管理至关重要，因此深入理解诊断算法和潜在陷阱极为重要。
