Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck USC School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Division of Acute Care Surgery, Kaweah Health Medical Center, Visalia, CA, USA.
Am Surg. 2024 Oct;90(10):2357-2361. doi: 10.1177/00031348241248802. Epub 2024 Apr 24.
Robotic surgery was first introduced in the 1980s as a system to aid patients in the battlefield. Since then, robotic surgery has become an important minimally invasive tool and plays an important role in elective surgery among various surgical specialties. However, the role for robotic surgery in the emergent setting is not well established or studied. Robotic surgery has been shown to be advantageous to both patients and operating surgeons. Though limited, studies have found robotic surgery in the acute setting to be safe for patients. These studies found robotic surgery to have improved perioperative outcomes when compared to an open or laparoscopic approach. Additionally, the robotic platform is thought to be an effective tool to prevent conversion to open procedures in emergent settings. Although some studies demonstrate advantages to robotic acute surgery, others have shown increased complications with robotic acute surgery or no distinct advantage when comparing robotic to laparoscopic surgery. Additionally, some of the published papers supporting the use of robotic surgery in the emergent setting may have a degree of bias favoring the robotic platform. Robotic surgery is a mainstay in minimally invasive elective surgery and gaining popularity among patients and surgeons. There are pros and cons to the adaptation of the robotic platform in the acute care setting. Additional large population studies are indicated to determine the true role of the robotic platform in the emergent setting.
机器人手术最早于 20 世纪 80 年代被引入，作为一种辅助战场上患者的系统。从那时起，机器人手术已成为一种重要的微创手术工具，并在各外科专业的择期手术中发挥着重要作用。然而，机器人手术在紧急情况下的作用尚未得到充分确立或研究。机器人手术对患者和手术医生都有优势。尽管有限，但研究发现，在急性情况下，机器人手术对患者是安全的。这些研究发现，与开放或腹腔镜方法相比，机器人手术在围手术期有更好的结果。此外，机器人平台被认为是一种有效的工具，可以防止在紧急情况下转为开放手术。虽然一些研究表明机器人急性手术有优势，但其他研究表明机器人急性手术的并发症增加，或者与腹腔镜手术相比没有明显优势。此外，一些支持在紧急情况下使用机器人手术的已发表论文可能存在一定程度的偏向机器人平台的偏见。机器人手术是微创手术的主要手段，越来越受到患者和外科医生的欢迎。机器人平台在急性护理环境中的应用有其优点和缺点。需要进行更多的大型人群研究，以确定机器人平台在紧急情况下的真正作用。
