Rodríguez-Rodríguez I F, Navarro-Torres-Arpi P, Dryjanski-Lerner A, Gómez-Mont-Landerreche J G, Levy-Holden G A, Gil-Orbezo F
Servicio de Traumatología y Ortopedia del Hospital Español. Ciudad de México. México.
Acta Ortop Mex. 2024 Jan-Feb;38(1):52-56.
Discoid meniscus is a congenital morphological variant of the meniscus, which tends to occur more frequently in its lateral form than in the medial form. This anomaly is characterized by central hypertrophy of the meniscus and a larger diameter than the normal meniscus, resulting in an abnormal shape and greater coverage of the tibial plateau. The clinical presentation of this condition varies depending on the stability of the meniscus. In pediatric patients, in particular, it is common to experience progressive and atraumatic symptoms, such as pain and limited mobility. Diagnosis is based on imaging studies, with magnetic resonance imaging being the preferred tool, where the "bowtie sign" is a classic finding. Surgery is recommended for symptomatic patients, with a focus on preserving the peripheral portion of the meniscus. Saucerization is the most commonly used technique, followed by stability assessment to determine if additional procedures are required. In this case, a 9-year-old patient with a medial discoid meniscus presented symptoms following trauma. Despite this atypical presentation, a successful outcome was achieved through arthroscopic surgery, underscoring the importance of accurate diagnosis and proper management of this condition in pediatric patients. Understanding the anatomical and pathophysiological characteristics of the discoid meniscus is essential for an effective therapeutic approach.
盘状半月板是半月板的一种先天性形态变异，其外侧型比内侧型更常见。这种异常的特征是半月板中央肥厚且直径大于正常半月板，导致形状异常且对胫骨平台的覆盖范围更大。这种情况的临床表现因半月板的稳定性而异。特别是在儿科患者中，常见渐进性和非创伤性症状，如疼痛和活动受限。诊断基于影像学检查，磁共振成像为首选工具，“蝴蝶结征”是典型表现。有症状的患者建议手术，重点是保留半月板的周边部分。碟形化是最常用的技术，随后进行稳定性评估以确定是否需要额外的手术。在本病例中，一名9岁内侧盘状半月板患者在创伤后出现症状。尽管表现不典型，但通过关节镜手术取得了成功结果，强调了儿科患者中准确诊断和妥善处理这种情况的重要性。了解盘状半月板的解剖和病理生理特征对于有效的治疗方法至关重要。
