Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China.
Sheng Li Xue Bao. 2024 Apr 25;76(2):329-340.
Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a major global health burden in terms of growing morbidity and mortality. Although many conditions can cause CLD, leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), viral hepatitis, drug-induced liver injury (DILI), alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are the most common culprits. Prostaglandin E (PGE), produced in the liver, is an important lipid mediator derived from the ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, arachidonic acid, and plays a critical role in hepatic homeostasis. The physiological effects of PGE are mediated through four classes of E-type prostaglandin (EP) receptors, namely EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4. In recent years, an increasing number of studies has been done to clarify the effects of PGE and EP receptors in regulating liver function and the pathogenesis of CLD to create a new potential clinical impact. In this review, we overview the biosynthesis and regulation of PGE and discuss the role of its synthesizing enzymes and receptors in the maintenance of normal liver function and the development and progress of CLD. We also discuss the potential of the PGE-EP receptors system in treating CLD with various etiologies.
慢性肝病（CLD）是一个主要的全球健康负担，发病率和死亡率不断上升。虽然许多疾病都可以导致 CLD，进而导致肝硬化和肝细胞癌（HCC），但病毒性肝炎、药物性肝损伤（DILI）、酒精性肝病（ALD）和非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是最常见的罪魁祸首。前列腺素 E（PGE）在肝脏中产生，是一种重要的脂质介质，来源于 ω-6 多不饱和脂肪酸花生四烯酸，在肝脏稳态中起着关键作用。PGE 的生理作用是通过四类 E 型前列腺素（EP）受体介导的，即 EP1、EP2、EP3 和 EP4。近年来，越来越多的研究旨在阐明 PGE 和 EP 受体在调节肝功能和 CLD 发病机制方面的作用，以产生新的潜在临床影响。在这篇综述中，我们概述了 PGE 的生物合成和调节，并讨论了其合成酶和受体在维持正常肝功能以及 CLD 的发生和进展中的作用。我们还讨论了 PGE-EP 受体系统在治疗各种病因引起的 CLD 方面的潜力。
