一级和二级职业足球运动员的心理健康：一项横断面研究。
Mental Health in First- and Second-Division Soccer Players: A Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Bonet Lucía, Benito Ana, Usó Héctor, Peraire Marc, Haro Gonzalo, Almodóvar-Fernández Isabel
机构信息
TXP Research Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, 12006 Castellón, Spain.
Mental Health Department, Provincial Hospital Consortium of Castellon, 12002 Castellón, Spain.
出版信息
Sports (Basel). 2024 Apr 11;12(4):106. doi: 10.3390/sports12040106.
BACKGROUND
The benefits of sport in mental health have been broadly studied. However, few studies have examined these outcomes in high-performance athletes. We aimed to analyze the state of the mental health of the Villarreal Soccer Club's first- (FD) and second-division (SD) players and the possible mediating effects of sex and professional category.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study with an initial sample of 108 soccer players (final sample = 54). Data from MINI, HARS, HDRS, BARRAT-11 and SCSRQ questionnaires were analyzed.
RESULTS
The mean age was 23.41 years (SD = 4.56) and 61.1% ( = 33) were men. A proportion of 24.1% ( = 13) stated that they had undergone mental health treatment, 7.4% ( = 4) had taken psychotropic drugs, and 2.1% ( = 1) had made a suicide attempt. Differences were observed between the FD and SD players in terms of the sensitivity to punishment (t = -2.2; = 0.033), overall impulsivity (t = -3.1; = 0.003), unplanned impulsivity (t = 3.4; = 0.001), and the HDRS (U = -110.5; = 0.004), HARS-Total (U = -104.0; = 0.006) and HARS-Psychological subscale scores (U = -104.0; = 0.001). Differences were also observed between the female and male SD players for the HARS-Somatic subscale (U = 136.5; = 0.028).
CONCLUSION
The low values obtained in the clinical scales, together with the reported psychopathological histories, suggested that the Villareal players showed better mental health than the general population.
背景
运动对心理健康的益处已得到广泛研究。然而，很少有研究在高水平运动员中考察这些结果。我们旨在分析比利亚雷亚尔足球俱乐部一线队（FD）和二线队（SD）球员的心理健康状况以及性别和职业类别可能产生的中介作用。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，初始样本为108名足球运动员（最终样本 = 54）。对来自MINI、HARS、HDRS、BARRAT - 11和SCSRQ问卷的数据进行了分析。
结果
平均年龄为23.41岁（标准差 = 4.56），61.1%（ = 33）为男性。24.1%（ = 13）的人表示他们接受过心理健康治疗，7.4%（ = 4）的人服用过精神药物，2.1%（ = 1）的人有过自杀未遂行为。FD组和SD组球员在对惩罚的敏感性（t = -2.2； = 0.033）、总体冲动性（t = -3.1； = 0.003）、无计划冲动性（t = 3.4； = 0.001）以及HDRS（U = -110.5； = 0.004）、HARS总分（U = -104.0； = 0.006）和HARS心理亚量表得分（U = -104.0； = 0.001）方面存在差异。SD组的女性和男性球员在HARS躯体亚量表方面也存在差异（U = 136.5； = 0.028）。
结论
临床量表中获得的低值以及报告的精神病理学史表明，比利亚雷亚尔球员的心理健康状况优于普通人群。
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