Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Auburn University, 237 Harbert Engineering Center, Auburn, AL 36849-5337, USA.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn, AL 36849-5337, USA.
Waste Manag. 2024 Jun 15;182:207-214. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.04.033. Epub 2024 Apr 25.
The objective of this paper is to evaluate the feasibility of co-processing wind turbine blade (WTB) material in cement manufacturing to provide an end-of-life means to divert the solid waste of decommissioned WTBs from landfills. Many WTBs consist primarily of glass fiber reinforced thermoset polymers that are difficult to recover or recycle. Portland cement is produced world-wide in large quantities, requiring immense quantities of raw materials (mostly calcium oxide and silicon oxide) and kiln temperatures approaching 1,450 °C. This work contributes analyses of WTB material composition, and predicts the energy provided through the combustible components of the WTBs and raw material contributions provided by incorporating the incombustible components of the WTBs to produce cement. Approximately 40 to 50 % of the WTB material will contribute as fuel to cement production, and approximately 50 to 60 % of the WTB material is expected to be incombustible. One tonne of WTB material can displace approximately 0.4 to 0.5 tonne of coal, while also contributing approximately 0.1 tonne of calcium oxide and 0.3 tonne of silicon oxide as raw material to the cement production process. The glass fiber WTB tested had an average boron content of 4.5 % in the ash. The effects of this high boron content on the cement and its production process should be evaluated. Co-processing WTBs in cement plants will slightly reduce combustion-related CO emissions due to avoided calcination. It seems feasible to co-process glass-fiber reinforced WTBs in cement production as WTBs provide suitable raw materials and compatible fuel for this process.
本文旨在评估在水泥制造中协同处理风力涡轮机叶片（WTB）材料的可行性，为退役 WTB 的固体废物提供一种避免进入垃圾填埋场的处置方法。许多 WTB 主要由玻璃纤维增强热固性聚合物组成，这些材料难以回收或再循环。全球范围内大量生产波特兰水泥，需要大量的原材料（主要是氧化钙和氧化硅）和接近 1450°C 的窑炉温度。这项工作对 WTB 材料成分进行了分析，并预测了 WTB 中可燃成分提供的能量，以及将 WTB 中不可燃成分纳入生产水泥时提供的原材料贡献。大约 40-50%的 WTB 材料将作为燃料贡献到水泥生产中，而大约 50-60%的 WTB 材料预计是不可燃的。一吨 WTB 材料可以替代大约 0.4-0.5 吨煤，同时作为原材料为水泥生产过程贡献大约 0.1 吨氧化钙和 0.3 吨氧化硅。测试的 WTB 玻璃纤维的灰分中硼的平均含量为 4.5%。这种高硼含量对水泥及其生产过程的影响应该进行评估。在水泥厂中协同处理 WTB 将由于避免煅烧而略微减少与燃烧相关的 CO 排放。似乎可以在水泥生产中协同处理玻璃纤维增强 WTB，因为 WTB 为该过程提供了合适的原材料和兼容的燃料。
