Pešut Ena, Šimić Ivana, Fureš Rajko, Milutin Gašperov Nina, Lež Cvjetko, Feratović Fabijan, Kukina Žvigač Tomica, Grce Magdalena, Erceg Ivkošić Ivana, Sabol Ivan
Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
General Hospital Zabok, Bračak 8, 49210 Zabok, Croatia.
Viruses. 2024 Apr 20;16(4):642. doi: 10.3390/v16040642.
The incidence and mortality rate of cervical cancer in Croatia remains a health challenge despite screening efforts. Besides the persistent infection with HPV, the development of cancer is also associated with some cofactors. The goal of this study was to assess circulating HPV genotypes and risk factors for the development of cervical precancer after almost 16 years from the onset of HPV vaccination in Croatia. In this study, a total of 321 women attending gynecological care were evaluated. Relevant medical and demographic information, including cytology, were collected. HPV genotyping was performed by PCR. Comparing the HPV types found in circulation in the pre-vaccination (1999-2015) and post-vaccination periods (2020-2023), a statistically significant reduction in HPV 31 was noted, while the overall prevalence increased in the post-vaccination period. Besides the expected HPV positivity as a risk factor, the history of smoking was associated with LSIL or worse cytology at enrollment. For the first time, this population study revealed a statistically significant shift in the HPV genotype in the post-vaccination period, as well as the confirmation of risk factors for the development of abnormal cytology among Croatian women.
尽管开展了筛查工作，但克罗地亚宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率仍是一项健康挑战。除了人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）持续感染外，癌症的发生还与一些辅助因素有关。本研究的目的是评估自克罗地亚开始HPV疫苗接种近16年后，循环HPV基因型以及宫颈癌前病变发生的风险因素。在本研究中，共评估了321名接受妇科护理的女性。收集了包括细胞学检查在内的相关医学和人口统计学信息。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行HPV基因分型。比较疫苗接种前（1999 - 2015年）和疫苗接种后时期（2020 - 2023年）循环中发现的HPV类型，发现HPV 31有统计学意义的减少，而疫苗接种后时期总体患病率有所增加。除了预期的HPV阳性作为风险因素外，吸烟史与入组时低度鳞状上皮内病变（LSIL）或更严重的细胞学检查结果相关。这项人群研究首次揭示了疫苗接种后时期HPV基因型有统计学意义的变化，以及克罗地亚女性中异常细胞学检查结果发生的风险因素得到证实。
