Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Land-Ocean Coordinated Control and Systematic Regulation Technology, Shandong Academy for Environmental Planning, Shandong, 250101, China.
Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation, Beijing, 100101, China.
Chemosphere. 2024 Jun;358:142148. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142148. Epub 2024 Apr 26.
Although oilseed rape is frequently used as an alternative planting crop in the phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated agricultural land, methods for screening excellent oilseed rape varieties in this regard are inadequate. Herein, we developed a screening method that incorporates Cd accumulation, distribution, and removal, economic output, adaptability to Cd-contaminated agricultural land, and trace element variation. A Cd-adaptability index (Cd-AI) based on 10 agronomic traits was used to measure the adaptability of varieties to Cd-contaminated agricultural land. Moreover, to simplify the evaluation of adaptability, yield, biomass, and pod number with high weightings were selected to construct a discriminant function for Cd-contaminated agricultural land adaptability (correctly classified 94.20%). In a 2 year field trial, we evaluated 225 oilseed rape varieties, among which we identified two promising low-Cd-accumulating and two Cd-remediating varieties. For the low-Cd-accumulating varieties (HuYou17 and DeXingYou558), we obtained grain bioaccumulation factor (BAF) values of 0.07 and 0.08, BAF values of <1, and economic outputs of RMB 25,054 and 32,292 yuan hm, respectively. Similarly, the Cd-remediating varieties (ZaoZa8 and YuYou61) were characterized by BAF values of 4.65 and 3.61, BAF values of 0.16 and 0.16, Cd removals of 69.02 and 58.25 g hm, and economic outputs of RMB 31,189 and 24,962 yuan hm, respectively. Compared with the control variety, we detected lower uptakes of multiple trace elements (3-43%) in the low-Cd-accumulating varieties, whereas the Cd-remediating varieties were characterized by 15.40% and 8.30% increases in the accumulation of magnesium and zinc, respectively. Our findings augment the evaluation indices used for evaluating oilseed rape varieties and provide valuable insights from the perspectives of varietal screening and promotional application. The effective varieties identified have application potential for safe production and the remediation of agricultural land without interrupting annual agricultural production, and provide an economically sustainable approach for the utilization of Cd-contaminated agricultural land.
虽然油菜籽常被用作受镉污染农田的植物修复替代种植作物，但在这方面筛选优良油菜品种的方法还不够完善。在此，我们开发了一种将镉积累、分布和去除、经济产出、对受镉污染农田的适应性以及微量元素变化结合起来的筛选方法。利用基于 10 个农艺性状的镉适应性指数（Cd-AI）来衡量品种对受镉污染农田的适应性。此外，为了简化对适应性的评价，选择产量、生物量和荚数的高权重来构建受镉污染农田适应性的判别函数（正确分类 94.20%）。在为期两年的田间试验中，我们评估了 225 个油菜品种，从中确定了两个有前景的低镉积累和两个镉修复品种。对于低镉积累品种（华优 17 和德香油 558），我们得到了籽粒生物富集系数（BAF）值分别为 0.07 和 0.08，BAF 值均<1，经济产量分别为人民币 25054 元和 32292 元公顷。同样，镉修复品种（早杂 8 号和渝油 61）的 BAF 值分别为 4.65 和 3.61，BAF 值分别为 0.16 和 0.16，镉去除率分别为 69.02 和 58.25 g 公顷，经济产量分别为人民币 31189 元和 24962 元公顷。与对照品种相比，我们在低镉积累品种中检测到多种微量元素的吸收量降低了 3-43%，而镉修复品种的镁和锌积累量分别增加了 15.40%和 8.30%。我们的研究结果增加了评价油菜品种的评价指标，并从品种筛选和推广应用的角度提供了有价值的见解。所鉴定的有效品种具有安全生产和修复农田的应用潜力，不会中断每年的农业生产，为利用受镉污染农田提供了一种经济可持续的方法。
