Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts.
Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Biol Psychiatry. 2025 Jan 1;97(1):12-27. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.04.012. Epub 2024 Apr 26.
Exposure to immune dysregulation in utero or in early life has been shown to increase risk for neuropsychiatric illness. The sources of inflammation can be varied, including acute exposures due to maternal infection or acute stress, or persistent exposures due to chronic stress, obesity, malnutrition, or autoimmune diseases. These exposures may cause subtle alteration in brain development, structure, and function that can become progressively magnified across the lifespan, potentially increasing the likelihood of developing a neuropsychiatric conditions. There is some evidence that males are more susceptible to early-life inflammatory challenges than females. In this review, we discuss the various sources of in utero or early-life immune alteration and the known effects on fetal development with a sex-specific lens. To do so, we leveraged neuroimaging, behavioral, cellular, and neurochemical findings. Gaining clarity about how the intrauterine environment affects offspring development is critically important for informing preventive and early intervention measures that may buffer against the effects of these early-life risk factors.
暴露于子宫内或生命早期的免疫失调已被证明会增加神经精神疾病的风险。炎症的来源多种多样，包括由于母体感染或急性应激引起的急性暴露，或由于慢性应激、肥胖、营养不良或自身免疫性疾病引起的持续暴露。这些暴露可能导致大脑发育、结构和功能的微妙改变，这些改变可能会在整个生命周期中逐渐放大，从而增加患上神经精神疾病的可能性。有一些证据表明，男性比女性更容易受到生命早期炎症挑战的影响。在这篇综述中，我们从性别视角讨论了子宫内或生命早期免疫改变的各种来源，以及已知的对胎儿发育的影响。为此，我们利用了神经影像学、行为学、细胞学和神经化学的发现。阐明宫内环境如何影响后代发育对于制定预防和早期干预措施至关重要，这些措施可能会缓冲这些早期生活风险因素的影响。
