Zhao Li-Zhen, Li Wei-Min, Ma Ying
Lugu Community Health Service Center, West Campus Beijing Chao-yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, China.
World J Diabetes. 2024 Apr 15;15(4):638-644. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i4.638.
Age is a significant risk factor of diabetes mellitus (DM). With the develop of population aging, the incidence of DM remains increasing. Understanding the epidemiology of DM among elderly individuals in a certain area contributes to the DM interventions for the local elderly individuals with high risk of DM.
To explore the prevalence of DM among elderly individuals in the Lugu community and analyze the related risk factors to provide a valid scientific basis for the health management of elderly individuals.
A total of 4816 elderly people who came to the community for physical examination were retrospectively analyzed. The prevalence of DM among the elderly was calculated. The individuals were divided into a DM group and a non-DM group according to the diagnosis of DM to compare the differences in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting blood glucose, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and incidence of hypertension (HT), coronary heart disease (CHD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
DM was diagnosed in 32.70% of the 4816 elderly people. The BMI of the DM group (25.16 ± 3.35) was greater than that of the non-DM group (24.61 ± 3.78). The WHR was 0.90 ± 0.04 in the non-DM group and 0.90 ± 0.03 in the DM group, with no significant difference. The left SBP and SBP in the DM group were 137.9 mmHg ± 11.92 mmHg and 69.95 mmHg ± 7.75 mmHg, respectively, while they were 126.6 mmHg ± 12.44 mmHg and 71.15 mmHg ± 12.55 mmHg, respectively, in the non-DM group. These findings indicate higher SBP and lower DBP in DM patients than in those without DM. In the DM group, 1274 patients were diagnosed with HT, accounting for 80.89%. Among the 3241 non-DM patients, 1743 (53.78%) were hypertensive and 1498 (46.22%) were nonhypertensive. The DM group had more cases of HT than did the non-DM group. There were more patients with CHD or CKD in the DM group than in the non-DM group. There were more patients who drank alcohol more frequently (≥ 3 times) in the DM group than in the non-DM group.
Older adults in the Lugu community are at a greater risk of DM. In elderly individuals, DM is closely related to high BMI and HT, CHD, and CKD. Physical examinations should be actively carried out for elderly people to determine their BMI, SBP, DBP, and other signs, and sufficient attention should be given to abnormalities in the above signs before further diagnosis.
年龄是糖尿病（DM）的一个重要危险因素。随着人口老龄化的发展，DM的发病率持续上升。了解某地区老年人群中DM的流行病学情况有助于对当地有DM高风险的老年个体进行DM干预。
探讨泸沽社区老年人群中DM的患病率，并分析相关危险因素，为老年个体的健康管理提供有效的科学依据。
回顾性分析4816名到社区进行体检的老年人。计算老年人中DM的患病率。根据DM诊断将个体分为DM组和非DM组，比较两组在舒张压（DBP）、收缩压（SBP）、空腹血糖、体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比（WHR）以及高血压（HT）、冠心病（CHD）和慢性肾脏病（CKD）发病率方面的差异。
4816名老年人中，32.70%被诊断为DM。DM组的BMI（25.16±3.35）高于非DM组（24.61±3.78）。非DM组的WHR为0.90±0.04，DM组为0.90±0.03，差异无统计学意义。DM组的左SBP和SBP分别为137.9 mmHg±11.92 mmHg和69.95 mmHg±7.75 mmHg，而非DM组分别为126.6 mmHg±12.44 mmHg和71.15 mmHg±12.55 mmHg。这些结果表明DM患者的SBP较高而DBP较低。在DM组中，1274例患者被诊断为HT，占80.89%。在3241例非DM患者中，1743例（53.78%）患有高血压，1498例（46.22%）未患高血压。DM组的HT病例数多于非DM组。DM组中患CHD或CKD的患者比非DM组多。DM组中饮酒频率较高（≥3次）的患者比非DM组多。
泸沽社区的老年人患DM的风险更大。在老年个体中，DM与高BMI以及HT、CHD和CKD密切相关。应积极为老年人进行体检，以确定他们的BMI、SBP、DBP等体征，在进一步诊断之前应充分关注上述体征的异常情况。
