Tinoco-Moran Iván, Calderón-Liosa Oscar, Olivares-Gómez Margarita, Farinango-Salazar Victor, Chérrez-Ojeda Iván
Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunologìa Capìtulo Centro Sur Occidental.
Clínica SANNA el Golf, San Isidro, Lima, Perú.
Rev Alerg Mex. 2024 Feb 1;71(1):71. doi: 10.29262/ram.v71i1.1324.
Anaphylaxis is a severe systemic allergic reaction that can be life-threatening, timely diagnosis and treatment is required in these patients, one of the most frequent triggers is pharmacological.
To report the case of a patient who presented anaphylaxis due to eye drops.
A 7-year-old male with a history of rhinitis and asthma with good control. It started with itchy eyes, ophthalmic drops were administered, composition: Polyethylene glycol 400, 0.4%, Propylene glycol 3 mg, polyquad 0.001%, presenting at 15 minutes an episode of anaphylaxis initially characterized by pruritus and intense conjunctival erythema, later nausea, vomiting, sweating, weakness, urticaria/facial angioedema and dyspnea were added, this episode was controlled opportunely with Levocetirizine 5 mg sublingual and Betametasona 4 mg intramuscular, progressively improving over the next 2 hours. The patient was evaluated by the Allergist, written recommendations were given to the mother in case this reaction occurred again, the use of the drops was prohibited, and the performance of skin test and a probable conjunctival provocation protocolized with the ophthalmic drops were pending. Accidentally 2 months later the patient was re-exposed with the same eye drops, presenting a similar reaction 15 minutes after the administration of the medication, they went to the emergency room where he received antihistamine and corticosteroid intravenous treatment, after this re-exposure is confirmed to the ophthalmic drops mentioned above as a trigger of anaphylaxis in this patient.
We present a case of conjunctival anaphylaxis after application of eye drops, confirmed by re-exposure to the drug. It is essential to give diagnoses, recommendations with treatments and avoidance of the probable triggering agent of the reaction. The administration of immediate medication when the allergic episode begins in these patients can be vital, even more so when they live far from a health center, as was the case in this patient.
过敏反应是一种严重的全身性过敏反应，可能危及生命，这些患者需要及时诊断和治疗，最常见的诱因之一是药物。
报告一例因眼药水引发过敏反应的患者病例。
一名7岁男性，有鼻炎和哮喘病史，病情控制良好。起初是眼睛瘙痒，使用了眼药水，成分：聚乙二醇400，0.4%，丙二醇3毫克，聚季铵盐0.001%，15分钟后出现过敏反应，最初表现为瘙痒和强烈的结膜红斑，随后出现恶心、呕吐、出汗、虚弱、荨麻疹/面部血管性水肿和呼吸困难，该发作通过舌下含服5毫克左西替利嗪和肌肉注射4毫克倍他米松得到及时控制，在接下来的2小时内逐渐好转。患者由过敏症专科医生进行评估，给母亲提供了书面建议，以防再次发生这种反应，禁止使用该眼药水，皮肤试验以及可能的眼药水结膜激发试验的安排待定。2个月后患者意外再次接触同一种眼药水，用药15分钟后出现类似反应，他们前往急诊室，在那里接受了抗组胺药和皮质类固醇静脉治疗，此次再次接触后确认上述眼药水是该患者过敏反应的诱因。
我们报告一例应用眼药水后发生结膜过敏反应的病例，经再次接触该药物确诊。做出诊断、提供治疗建议并避免可能的反应触发剂至关重要。在这些患者过敏发作时立即给药可能至关重要，尤其是当他们居住在远离医疗中心的地方时，本病例就是如此。
