Division of Neurology, Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, NO. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, China.
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2024 Apr 29;51(1):593. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-09537-y.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common central nervous system neurodegenerative disease. Neuroinflammation is one of the significant neuropathological hallmarks. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Safranal exerts anti-inflammatory effects in various diseases, however, whether it plays a similar effect on PD is still unclear. The study was to investigate the effects and mechanism of Safranal on PD.
The PD mouse model was established by 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine MPTP firstly. Next, the degree of muscle stiffness, neuromuscular function, motor retardation and motor coordination ability were examined by observing and testing mouse movement behavior. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). The dopamine (DA) content of the striatum was detected by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of TH and NLRP3 inflammasome-related markers NLRP3, IL-1β, and Capase-1 were detected by Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting (WB) respectively.
Through behavioral testing, Parkinson's mouse showed a higher muscle stiffness and neuromuscular tension, a more motor retardation and activity disorders, together with a worse motor coordination compared with sham group. Simultaneously, DA content and TH expression in the striatum were decreased. However, after using Safranal treatment, the above pathological symptoms of Parkinson's mouse all improved compared with Safranal untreated group, the DA content and TH expression were also increased to varying degrees. Surprisingly, it observed a suppression of NLRP3 inflammation in the striatum of Parkinson's mouse.
Safranal played a neuroprotective effect on the Parkinson's disease and its mechanism was related to the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
帕金森病（PD）是一种常见的中枢神经系统神经退行性疾病。神经炎症是显著的神经病理学特征之一。藏红花作为一种中药，在各种疾病中发挥抗炎作用，但它是否对 PD 有类似作用尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨藏红花对 PD 的作用及机制。
首先通过 1-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶（MPTP）建立 PD 小鼠模型。然后，通过观察和测试小鼠运动行为来检测肌肉僵硬程度、神经肌肉功能、运动迟缓及运动协调能力。免疫荧光染色观察酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）的表达。高效液相色谱法（HPLC）检测纹状体多巴胺（DA）含量。实时聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）和蛋白质印迹法（WB）分别检测 TH 和 NLRP3 炎性体相关标志物 NLRP3、IL-1β 和 Capase-1 的表达。
通过行为测试，帕金森病小鼠表现出更高的肌肉僵硬和神经肌肉紧张、更严重的运动迟缓及活动障碍，以及更差的运动协调能力，与假手术组相比。同时，纹状体中的 DA 含量和 TH 表达降低。然而，用藏红花处理后，与未用藏红花处理的帕金森病小鼠相比，上述帕金森病小鼠的病理症状均有所改善，纹状体中的 DA 含量和 TH 表达也有不同程度的增加。令人惊讶的是，观察到帕金森病小鼠纹状体中 NLRP3 炎症受到抑制。
藏红花对帕金森病具有神经保护作用，其机制与抑制 NLRP3 炎性体激活有关。
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