Jávega-Cometto Matías, Naranjo-Viteri Aracely J, Champarini Leandro G, Hereñú Claudia B, Crespo Rosana
Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba (IFEC-CONICET), Departamento de Farmacología Otto Orsingher, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Mar 22;14(7):999. doi: 10.3390/plants14070999.
Monoterpenes (MTs) are plants' secondary metabolites and major components of essential oils (EOs), widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. However, its neuroprotective effects, particularly in Parkinson's disease (PD) have not been fully demonstrated. PD is a progressive neurological disorder marked by dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra, motor symptoms being the most reported ones. This review evaluates the evidence supporting the use of MTs as potential neuroprotective agents. PubMed, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases were searched for articles on MTs in murine models with any type of administration. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. After screening 405 records, 32 were included in the systematic review and 30 were included in the meta-analysis. Fifteen MTs, commonly found in EOs, were identified as potential therapeutic agents for PD. The meta-analysis revealed that MTs administration improved motor performance, increased tyrosine hydroxylase levels, reduced oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1, TNF-α), and enhanced antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase) in parkinsonian animals. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of MTs appear to be key mechanisms in mitigating dopaminergic neurodegeneration. However, further clinical research is essential to translate these findings into practical applications.
单萜类化合物（MTs）是植物的次生代谢产物，也是香精油（EOs）的主要成分，广泛应用于制药行业。然而，其神经保护作用，尤其是在帕金森病（PD）中的作用尚未得到充分证实。PD是一种进行性神经疾病，其特征是黑质中的多巴胺能神经元丧失，运动症状是最常见的症状。本综述评估了支持将MTs用作潜在神经保护剂的证据。在PubMed、SCOPUS、谷歌学术和ScienceDirect数据库中搜索了关于任何给药类型的小鼠模型中MTs的文章。遵循PRISMA指南。在筛选了405条记录后，32条被纳入系统评价，30条被纳入荟萃分析。在香精油中常见的15种MTs被确定为PD的潜在治疗剂。荟萃分析显示，在帕金森病动物中，给予MTs可改善运动性能，提高酪氨酸羟化酶水平，降低氧化应激标志物（丙二醛）和促炎细胞因子（IL-6、IL-1、TNF-α），并增强抗氧化酶（过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶）。MTs的抗氧化和抗炎特性似乎是减轻多巴胺能神经变性的关键机制。然而，进一步的临床研究对于将这些发现转化为实际应用至关重要。
