Berecki-Gisolf Janneke, Wah Win, Walker-Bone Karen
Monash Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Victorian Injury Surveillance Unit, Monash University Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Occup Environ Med. 2024 Jun 3;81(5):232-237. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2024-109428.
Hospital attendance related to fire, flame or smoke exposure is commonly associated with work. The aim of this study was to examine time trends and risk factors for work-related fire/flame/smoke injuries in Victoria, Australia.
This study was based on emergency department (ED) presentation records from the Victorian Emergency Minimum Dataset, 2003-2021. Cases were people aged 15-74 years with injury-related ED presentations, if cause of injury was recorded as fire/flame/smoke, based on coded data and/or narratives. Work-related rates were calculated per employed persons; non-work rates were calculated per population. Work-related and non-work-related cases were compared using logistic regression modelling.
There were 11 838 ED presentations related to fire/flame/smoke: 1864 (15.7%) were work-related. Non-work-related rates were 12.3 ED presentations per 100 000 , and work-related rates were 3.43 per 100 000 annually. Over the study period, work-related rates decreased annually by 2.0% (p<0.0001), while non-work rates increased by 1.1% (p<0.0001). Work-related cases (vs non-work) were associated with summer (vs winter), but the association with extreme bushfire periods (Victorian 'Black Saturday' and 'Black Summer') was not statistically significant. Work-related cases were less severe than non-work-related cases, evidenced by triage status and subsequent admission.
Rates of occupational fire/flame/smoke-related injury presentations decreased over the past two decades in Victoria, while non-work-related rates increased. This could reflect improved safety in the workplace. Hospital data, however, cannot be used to distinguish occupation or industry therefore, employment data linkage studies are recommended to further inform workplace preventive measures.
因接触火灾、火焰或烟雾而到医院就诊的情况通常与工作有关。本研究的目的是调查澳大利亚维多利亚州与工作相关的火灾/火焰/烟雾伤害的时间趋势和风险因素。
本研究基于2003年至2021年维多利亚州紧急最低数据集的急诊科就诊记录。病例为15至74岁因受伤到急诊科就诊的人员，根据编码数据和/或叙述，若受伤原因记录为火灾/火焰/烟雾。按就业人员计算与工作相关的发生率；按人口计算非工作相关的发生率。使用逻辑回归模型比较与工作相关和与非工作相关的病例。
有11838例与火灾/火焰/烟雾相关的急诊科就诊病例：其中1864例（15.7%）与工作相关。非工作相关的发生率为每10万人中有12.3例急诊科就诊病例，而与工作相关的发生率为每年每10万人中有3.43例。在研究期间，与工作相关的发生率每年下降2.0%（p<0.0001），而非工作相关的发生率上升了1.1%（p<0.0001）。与工作相关的病例（与非工作相关病例相比）与夏季（与冬季相比）有关，但与极端丛林火灾时期（维多利亚州的“黑色星期六”和“黑色夏天”）的关联无统计学意义。从分诊状态和随后的入院情况来看，与工作相关的病例不如非工作相关的病例严重。
在过去二十年中，维多利亚州与职业性火灾/火焰/烟雾相关的伤害就诊率下降，而非工作相关的发生率上升。这可能反映了工作场所安全性的提高。然而，医院数据无法用于区分职业或行业，因此建议进行就业数据关联研究以进一步为工作场所预防措施提供信息。
