Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Sciences, 65080, Van, Türkiye.
Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, 65080, Van, Türkiye.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Apr 29;196(5):485. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-12657-4.
Herein, we aimed to develop a new environmentally friendly liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME) method based on hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (hDES) synthesized using biodegradable dl-menthol and decanoic acid for the spectrophotometric determination of toxic basic fuchsin dye in environmental water samples. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiency such as pH, mole ratio, and volume of hDES (1:2) and type and volume of organic solvent, sample volume, times of vortex, ultrasonic bath and centrifuge, ionic strength, and matrix effect were investigated and optimized. Under optimal conditions, the calibration curve showed linearity in the range of 7.4-167 μg L with a coefficient of determination of 0.9994. The limit of detection, intra-day and inter-day precision, and recovery values were 2.25 μg L, 2.46% and 4.45%, and 105 ± 3%, respectively. The preconcentration and enrichment factors were found to be 30 and 61.5, respectively. The proposed hDES-LLME methodology was successfully applied to the environmental water samples to detect toxic BF dye (95-105%). Finally, the ecological impact of the suggested method was evaluated using the analytical eco-scale (PP:88), complementary green analytical procedure indexe (ComplexGAPI), and the Analytical GREEnness tool (0.63). The assessment results showed that the presented analytical method can be regarded as a green LLME approach for the determination of the BF in water.
本文旨在开发一种基于疏水性深共晶溶剂（hDES）的新型环保液-液微萃取（LLME）方法，该溶剂由可生物降解的 dl-薄荷醇和癸酸合成，用于环境水样中有毒碱性品红染料的分光光度法测定。考察并优化了影响萃取效率的参数，如 pH 值、摩尔比、hDES（1:2）的体积和有机溶剂的类型和体积、样品体积、涡旋次数、超声浴和离心次数、离子强度和基质效应。在最佳条件下，校准曲线在 7.4-167μg/L 范围内呈线性，相关系数为 0.9994。检测限、日内和日间精密度以及回收率分别为 2.25μg/L、2.46%和 4.45%，以及 30 和 61.5。该方法已成功应用于环境水样中检测有毒 BF 染料（95-105%）。最后，使用分析生态规模（PP：88）、补充绿色分析程序指标（ComplexGAPI）和分析绿色工具（0.63）评估了建议方法的生态影响。评估结果表明，所提出的分析方法可视为一种用于测定水中 BF 的绿色 LLME 方法。
