Almajid Ali, Almuyidi Shatha, Alahmadi Shatha, Bohaligah Sarah, Alfaqih Layal, Alotaibi Abdulelah, Almarzooq Albatul, Alsarihi Asmaa, Alrawi Zaina, Althaqfan Rahaf, Alamoudi Rahma, Albaqami Sultan, Alali Alaa H
Internal Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, SAU.
Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Mar 30;16(3):e57238. doi: 10.7759/cureus.57238. eCollection 2024 Mar.
Antibiotics have played a pivotal role in modern medicine, drastically reducing mortality rates associated with bacterial infections. Despite their significant contributions, the emergence of antibiotic resistance has become a formidable challenge, necessitating a re-evaluation of antibiotic use practices. The widespread belief in clinical practice that bactericidal antibiotics are inherently superior to bacteriostatic ones lacks consistent support from evidence in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). With the latest evidence, certain infections have demonstrated equal or even superior efficacy with bacteriostatic agents. Furthermore, within clinical practice, there is a tendency to indiscriminately order urine cultures for febrile patients, even in cases where alternative etiologies might be present. Consequently, upon obtaining a positive urine culture result, patients often receive antimicrobial prescriptions despite the absence of clinical indications warranting such treatment. Furthermore, it is a prevailing notion among physicians that extended durations of antibiotic therapy confer potential benefits and mitigate the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Contrary to this belief, empirical evidence refutes such assertions. This article aims to address common myths and misconceptions within the field of infectious diseases.
抗生素在现代医学中发挥了关键作用，极大地降低了与细菌感染相关的死亡率。尽管它们做出了重大贡献，但抗生素耐药性的出现已成为一个严峻挑战，需要重新评估抗生素的使用方法。临床实践中普遍认为杀菌性抗生素本质上优于抑菌性抗生素，但这一观点缺乏随机对照试验（RCT）证据的一致支持。根据最新证据，某些感染使用抑菌剂已显示出同等甚至更优的疗效。此外，在临床实践中，即使在可能存在其他病因的情况下，对于发热患者也往往不加区分地进行尿培养检查。因此，在获得尿培养阳性结果后，尽管没有临床指征需要此类治疗，患者通常也会接受抗菌药物处方。此外，医生中普遍存在一种观念，即延长抗生素治疗时间具有潜在益处，并可减少抗菌药物耐药性的出现。与这种观念相反，经验证据驳斥了这些说法。本文旨在解决传染病领域常见的误解和错误观念。
