Ratanpara Lalit, Xalxo Neha, Chauhan Pradip R, Mehra Simmi
Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Rajkot, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Mar 30;16(3):e57266. doi: 10.7759/cureus.57266. eCollection 2024 Mar.
The posterior communicating artery (PcomA), P1 and P2 segments of the posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs) give rise to numerous small branches that chiefly supply the thalamus and midbrain. Thalamic vascular supply is classically categorized into four regions: anterior, paramedian, infero-lateral and posterior. Despite significant variations and overlap in the blood supply, this traditional classification helps in understanding the vascular anatomy of the thalamus. Gerard Percheron extensively studied thalamic blood supply and described its anatomical variants depending on its origin. The artery of Percheron (AOP) is a rare anatomical variation of paramedian-mesencephalic arterial supply in which a solitary arterial trunk arises from the PCA and distributes bilaterally to both paramedian thalami and often to the rostral part of the midbrain. During routine dissection of the brain of a 46-year-old female in the department of anatomy, it was seen that thalamo-perforating artery (AOP) took origin as a single trunk from the P1 segment of the left PCA. The specimen was dissected and photographed for documentation and to see more details. The exact prevalence of AOP remains unknown, but various studies show that it can be present in 7% to 11.7% of subjects. Detailed knowledge of AOP anatomical variation is crucial for interpreting neuroimaging results or performing different neuro-endovascular techniques at the basilar bifurcation, particularly in patients with bilateral thalamic and midbrain infarctions.
后交通动脉（PcomA）、大脑后动脉（PCA）的P1和P2段发出许多小分支，主要供应丘脑和中脑。丘脑的血管供应传统上分为四个区域：前区、旁正中区、下外侧区和后区。尽管血液供应存在显著差异和重叠，但这种传统分类有助于理解丘脑的血管解剖结构。杰拉德·佩谢龙广泛研究了丘脑的血液供应，并根据其起源描述了其解剖变异。佩谢龙动脉（AOP）是旁正中-中脑动脉供应的一种罕见解剖变异，即一条单独的动脉干从PCA发出，双侧分布于双侧旁正中丘脑，且常分布于中脑的 Rostral 部分。在解剖学系对一名46岁女性的大脑进行常规解剖时，发现丘脑穿通动脉（AOP）作为单一主干从左侧PCA的P1段发出。对标本进行了解剖和拍照以记录并查看更多细节。AOP的确切发生率尚不清楚，但各种研究表明，它可能存在于7%至11.7%的受试者中。详细了解AOP的解剖变异对于解释神经影像学结果或在基底动脉分叉处进行不同的神经血管内技术至关重要，尤其是在双侧丘脑和中脑梗死的患者中。
