Cherian Eapen, Goyal Manoj, Mittal Neeti, Mathews Susan, Sagir Muhammad
Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Travancore Dental College Medicity, Kollam, IND.
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Santosh Deemed to Be University, Ghaziabad, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Mar 30;16(3):e57236. doi: 10.7759/cureus.57236. eCollection 2024 Mar.
Oral cancer is a major public health concern worldwide, with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) being one of its most common subtypes. Despite advances in diagnosis and management of this disease, there remains a need to develop new therapeutic approaches for better outcomes.
This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms through which cinnamoyl sulfonamide hydroxamate derivatives exert their anticancer effects on OSCC.
The derivatives were synthesized via multi-step processes and then characterized at the molecular level. Flow cytometry assay for DNA content and cell cycle distribution, anisidine/toluidine double staining for apoptosis detection, as well as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) gene expression analysis, were performed on OSCC cell lines exposed to cinnamoyl sulfonamide hydroxamate derivatives.
Flow cytometry unveiled remarkable changes in the distribution of cells throughout the OSCC cell line upon treatment with cinnamoyl sulfonamide hydroxamate derivatives. Consequently, it led to a noticeable decrease in cells at the G0/G1 phase, together with an increase at the S phase, thereby indicating a retardation at various points of the cycle. In addition, apoptotic morphological alterations have been observed by anisidine/toluidine double staining after some treatments with the compounds. RT-PCR analysis showed a marked increase in p21 gene expression levels, further supporting the compounds' ability to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
The research highlighted the potential of cinnamoyl sulfonamide hydroxamate derivatives as candidates for oral cancer, particularly OSCC treatment, shedding light on their operation at the molecular level and paving the way for the development of targeted therapies that could aid in the cure of oral cancer.
口腔癌是全球主要的公共卫生问题，口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是其最常见的亚型之一。尽管该疾病在诊断和治疗方面取得了进展，但仍需要开发新的治疗方法以获得更好的治疗效果。
本研究旨在探讨肉桂酰磺酰胺异羟肟酸酯衍生物对OSCC发挥抗癌作用的分子机制。
通过多步合成法合成这些衍生物，然后在分子水平上对其进行表征。对暴露于肉桂酰磺酰胺异羟肟酸酯衍生物的OSCC细胞系进行DNA含量和细胞周期分布的流式细胞术检测、用于凋亡检测的茴香胺/甲苯胺双重染色以及逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）基因表达分析。
流式细胞术显示，用肉桂酰磺酰胺异羟肟酸酯衍生物处理后，整个OSCC细胞系中的细胞分布发生了显著变化。因此，导致G0/G1期细胞明显减少，S期细胞增加，从而表明细胞周期在各个阶段均有延迟。此外，在用这些化合物进行一些处理后，通过茴香胺/甲苯胺双重染色观察到了凋亡形态学改变。RT-PCR分析显示p21基因表达水平显著增加，进一步支持了这些化合物诱导细胞周期停滞和凋亡的能力。
该研究突出了肉桂酰磺酰胺异羟肟酸酯衍生物作为口腔癌尤其是OSCC治疗候选药物的潜力，揭示了它们在分子水平上的作用机制，并为开发有助于治愈口腔癌的靶向治疗方法铺平了道路。
