Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
Prev Med. 2024 Jun;183:107976. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107976. Epub 2024 Apr 28.
This longitudinal observational cohort study aimed to clarify the relationship between perceived value (PV) to adopt new behaviors and incident disability in community-dwelling older adults.
Participants were 5073 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years in Japan (M = 74.0 ± 5.6 years; female = 55.1%). The mean follow-up time was 34.5 months. Baseline data were collected during health checkups in a prospective cohort study. Measurements included engagement in physical activity (PA), cognitive activity (CA), and social activity (SA), PV, health and physical conditions, and demographic characteristics. PV was assessed by asking whether participants thought it was valuable to adopt new behaviors related to PA, CA, and SA. Participants were classified as having higher/lower PV, PA, CA, and SA. Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the association between PV and incident disability. PV was examined both as an independent variable and in combination as follows: higher PV and higher PA/CA/SA (high/high); lower PV and higher PA/CA/SA (low/high); higher PV and lower PA/CA/SA (high/low); and lower PV and lower PA/CA/SA (low/low).
Higher PV was significantly associated with a lower hazard ratio (HR) for incident disability. The low/high, high/low, and low/low significantly increased the HR compared to high/high in the analyses of PV & PA and CA. The analysis of PV & SA showed that only low/low increased the HR compared to high/high.
Having both higher PV and higher activity engagement may contribute to preventing disability development. Both support for activities and value education in older adults may be needed.
本纵向观察性队列研究旨在阐明社区老年人对新行为的感知价值（PV）与残疾发生之间的关系。
参与者为日本 5073 名≥65 岁的社区老年人（M=74.0±5.6 岁；女性=55.1%）。平均随访时间为 34.5 个月。基线数据是在一项前瞻性队列研究的健康检查中收集的。测量包括体力活动（PA）、认知活动（CA）和社会活动（SA）的参与情况、PV、健康和身体状况以及人口统计学特征。PV 通过询问参与者是否认为采用与 PA、CA 和 SA 相关的新行为具有价值来评估。参与者被分为具有较高/较低 PV、PA、CA 和 SA 的组。使用 Cox 比例风险模型分析 PV 与残疾发生之间的关联。PV 既作为自变量进行检查，也作为以下组合进行检查：较高的 PV 和较高的 PA/CA/SA（高/高）；较低的 PV 和较高的 PA/CA/SA（低/高）；较高的 PV 和较低的 PA/CA/SA（高/低）；以及较低的 PV 和较低的 PA/CA/SA（低/低）。
较高的 PV 与残疾发生的风险比（HR）显著降低相关。在 PA 和 CA 的 PV 分析中，低/高、高/低和低/低与高/高相比，显著增加了 HR。在 PV 和 SA 的分析中，只有低/低与高/高相比，增加了 HR。
同时具有较高的 PV 和较高的活动参与度可能有助于预防残疾的发展。可能需要为老年人提供活动支持和价值教育。
