Key Laboratory of Ultrasound of Shaanxi Province, School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
Key Laboratory of Ultrasound of Shaanxi Province, School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2024 Jun;106:106886. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106886. Epub 2024 Apr 27.
Tetracycline has received a great deal of interest for the harmful effects of substance abuse on ecosystems and humanity. The effects of different processes on the degradation of tetracycline were compared, with dual-frequency ultrasound (DFUS) in combination with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) being the most effective for the tetracycline degradation. Free radical scavenging experiments showed that O,SO and •OH were the main reactive radicals in the degradation of tetracycline. According to the major intermediates of tetracycline degradation identified, three possible degradation pathways were proposed, which are of significance for translational studies of tetracycline degradation. Notably, these intermediates were found to be significantly less toxicity. The number of active bubbles in the degradation vessel was calculated using a semi-empirical formula, and a higher value of 1.44 × 10 Ls of bubbles was obtained when using dual-frequency ultrasound at 20 kHz (210 W/L) and 80 kHz (85.4 W/L). Therefore, compared to 20 kHz, although the yield of strong oxidizing substances from individual active bubbles decreased slightly, a significant increment of the number of active bubbles still resulted in a higher synergistic effect, and the combination of DFUS and PMS should be effective in promoting the generation of reactive free radicals and mass transfer processes within the degradation vessel, which provides a method for efficient removal of tetracycline from wastewater.
四环素因对生态系统和人类的有害物质滥用的影响而受到广泛关注。比较了不同工艺对四环素降解的影响，双频超声（DFUS）与过一硫酸盐（PMS）联合使用是降解四环素最有效的方法。自由基清除实验表明，O、SO 和 •OH 是四环素降解的主要活性自由基。根据鉴定出的四环素降解的主要中间产物，提出了三种可能的降解途径，这对四环素降解的转化研究具有重要意义。值得注意的是，这些中间产物的毒性明显降低。使用半经验公式计算降解容器中活性气泡的数量，当使用 20 kHz（210 W/L）和 80 kHz（85.4 W/L）的双频超声时，获得了 1.44×10 Ls 更高的气泡数。因此，与 20 kHz 相比，尽管单个活性气泡产生的强氧化剂产量略有下降，但活性气泡数量的显著增加仍导致协同效应更高，DFUS 和 PMS 的结合应能有效促进降解容器内活性自由基的生成和传质过程，为从废水中高效去除四环素提供了一种方法。
