Suppr超能文献

FLT3-ITD 阳性急性髓系白血病中新兴的 DNA 甲基化靶点:与临床批准的 FLT3 抑制剂联合治疗。

Emerging DNA Methylome Targets in FLT3-ITD-Positive Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Combination Therapy with Clinically Approved FLT3 Inhibitors.

机构信息

Bioengineering Program, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkey.

Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkey.

出版信息

Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2024 Jun;25(6):719-751. doi: 10.1007/s11864-024-01202-7. Epub 2024 May 2.

Abstract

The internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation of the FMS-like receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3-ITD) is the most common mutation observed in approximately 30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. It represents poor prognosis due to continuous activation of downstream growth-promoting signaling pathways such as STAT5 and PI3K/AKT. Hence, FLT3 is considered an attractive druggable target; selective small FLT3 inhibitors (FLT3Is), such as midostaurin and quizartinib, have been clinically approved. However, patients possess generally poor remission rates and acquired resistance when FLT3I used alone. Various factors in patients could cause these adverse effects including altered epigenetic regulation, causing mainly abnormal gene expression patterns. Epigenetic modifications are required for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and differentiation; however, critical driver mutations have been identified in genes controlling DNA methylation (such as DNMT3A, TET2, IDH1/2). These regulators cause leukemia pathogenesis and affect disease diagnosis and prognosis when they co-occur with FLT3-ITD mutation. Therefore, understanding the role of different epigenetic alterations in FLT3-ITD AML pathogenesis and how they modulate FLT3I's activity is important to rationalize combinational treatment approaches including FLT3Is and modulators of methylation regulators or pathways. Data from ongoing pre-clinical and clinical studies will further precisely define the potential use of epigenetic therapy together with FLT3Is especially after characterized patients' mutational status in terms of FLT3 and DNA methlome regulators.

摘要

FMS 样酪氨酸激酶 3(FLT3)内部串联重复(ITD)突变是约 30%急性髓系白血病(AML)患者中观察到的最常见突变。由于下游促进生长的信号通路(如 STAT5 和 PI3K/AKT)的持续激活,它代表着不良预后。因此,FLT3 被认为是一个有吸引力的可靶向治疗目标;选择性的小分子 FLT3 抑制剂(FLT3Is),如米哚妥林和 quizartinib,已在临床上获得批准。然而,当单独使用 FLT3I 时,患者通常具有较差的缓解率和获得性耐药性。患者的各种因素可能导致这些不良反应,包括改变表观遗传调节,主要导致异常基因表达模式。表观遗传修饰对于造血干细胞(HSC)自我更新和分化是必需的;然而,控制 DNA 甲基化的基因中已经确定了关键的驱动突变(如 DNMT3A、TET2、IDH1/2)。这些调节剂导致白血病发病机制,并在与 FLT3-ITD 突变共存时影响疾病的诊断和预后。因此,了解不同表观遗传改变在 FLT3-ITD AML 发病机制中的作用以及它们如何调节 FLT3I 的活性对于合理化联合治疗方法(包括 FLT3I 和甲基化调节剂或途径的调节剂)非常重要。来自正在进行的临床前和临床研究的数据将进一步精确定义表观遗传学治疗与 FLT3I 联合使用的潜力,特别是在根据 FLT3 和 DNA 甲基组调节剂对患者的突变状态进行特征化之后。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4b6f/11222205/4a956cb649a7/11864_2024_1202_Fig1_HTML.jpg

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍。

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索

文档翻译

学术文献翻译模型,支持多种主流文档格式。

立即体验