Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
Infancy. 2024 Jul-Aug;29(4):525-549. doi: 10.1111/infa.12596. Epub 2024 May 2.
Turn-taking interactions are foundational to the development of social, communicative, and cognitive skills. In infants, vocal turn-taking experience is predictive of infants' socioemotional and language development. However, different forms of turn-taking interactions may have different effects on infant vocalizing. It is presently unknown how caregiver vocal, non-vocal and multimodal responses to infant vocalizations compare in extending caregiver-infant vocal turn-taking bouts. In bouts that begin with an infant vocalization, responses that maintain versus change the communicative modality may differentially affect the likelihood of further infant vocalizing. No studies have examined how caregiver response modalities that either matched or differed from the infant acoustic (vocal) modality might affect the temporal structure of vocal turn-taking beyond the initial serve-and-return exchanges. We video-recorded free-play sessions of 51 caregivers with their 9-month-old infants. Caregivers responded to babbling most often with vocalizations. In turn, caregiver vocal responses were significantly more likely to elicit subsequent infant babbling. Bouts following an initial caregiver vocal response contained significantly more turns than those following a non-vocal or multimodal response. Thus prelinguistic turn-taking is sensitive to the modality of caregivers' responses. Future research should investigate if such sensitivity is grounded in attentional constraints, which may influence the structure of turn-taking interactions.
轮流互动是社会、交际和认知技能发展的基础。在婴儿中，声音轮流互动的经验可以预测婴儿的社会情感和语言发展。然而，不同形式的轮流互动可能对婴儿发声有不同的影响。目前尚不清楚照顾者对婴儿发声的声音、非声音和多模态反应在延长照顾者-婴儿声音轮流互动回合方面有何不同。在以婴儿发声开始的回合中，维持或改变交流模式的反应可能会以不同的方式影响进一步婴儿发声的可能性。目前尚无研究探讨与婴儿声学（声音）模式匹配或不同的照顾者反应模式如何影响声音轮流互动的时间结构，超出最初的服务和返回交换。我们记录了 51 名照顾者与他们 9 个月大的婴儿自由玩耍的视频。照顾者最常回应婴儿的咿呀学语。反过来，照顾者的声音反应更有可能引发随后的婴儿咿呀学语。与非声音或多模态反应相比，初始照顾者声音反应后的回合包含的轮次明显更多。因此，前语言轮流互动对照顾者反应的模式很敏感。未来的研究应该调查这种敏感性是否基于注意力限制，这可能会影响轮流互动的结构。
