Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3, 18059, Rostock, Germany; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom.
Chemosphere. 2024 Jun;358:142184. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142184. Epub 2024 Apr 30.
Pollution from personal care products, such as UV-filters like avobenzone and nano-zinc oxide (nZnO), poses a growing threat to marine ecosystems. To better understand this hazard, especially for lesser-studied sediment-dwelling marine organisms, we investigated the physiological impacts of simultaneous exposure to nZnO and avobenzone on the lugworm Arenicola marina. Lugworms were exposed to nZnO, avobenzone, or their combination for three weeks. We assessed pollutant-induced metabolic changes by measuring key metabolic intermediates in the body wall and coelomic fluid, and oxidative stress by analyzing antioxidant levels and oxidative lesions in proteins and lipids of the body wall. Exposure to UV filters resulted in shifts in the concentrations of Krebs' cycle and urea cycle intermediates, as well as alterations in certain amino acids in the body wall and coelomic fluid of the lugworms. Pathway enrichment analyses revealed that nZnO induced more pronounced metabolic shifts compared to avobenzone or their combination. Exposure to avobenzone or nZnO alone prompted an increase in tissue antioxidant capacity, indicating a compensatory response to restore redox balance, which effectively prevented oxidative damage to proteins or lipids. However, co-exposure to nZnO and avobenzone suppressed superoxide dismutase and lead to accumulation of lipid peroxides and methionine sulfoxide, indicating oxidative stress and damage to lipids and proteins. Our findings highlight oxidative stress as a significant mechanism of toxicity for both nZnO and avobenzone, especially when combined, and underscores the importance of further investigating the fitness implications of oxidative stress induced by these common UV filters in benthic marine organisms.
个人护理产品（如 UV 滤光剂阿伏苯宗和纳米氧化锌（nZnO））造成的污染对海洋生态系统构成了日益严重的威胁。为了更好地了解这种危害，特别是对于研究较少的底栖海洋生物，我们研究了同时暴露于 nZnO 和阿伏苯宗对泥螺（Arenicola marina）的生理影响。泥螺暴露于 nZnO、阿伏苯宗或它们的混合物中 3 周。我们通过测量体壁和体腔液中的关键代谢中间产物来评估污染物引起的代谢变化，并通过分析体壁和体腔液中的抗氧化剂水平和蛋白质及脂质的氧化损伤来评估氧化应激。暴露于 UV 滤光剂会导致三羧酸循环和尿素循环中间产物的浓度发生变化，以及泥螺体壁和体腔液中某些氨基酸的改变。途径富集分析表明，与阿伏苯宗或它们的混合物相比，nZnO 诱导的代谢变化更为明显。单独暴露于阿伏苯宗或 nZnO 会增加组织抗氧化能力，表明这是一种代偿性反应，以恢复氧化还原平衡，从而有效地防止蛋白质或脂质的氧化损伤。然而，nZnO 和阿伏苯宗的共同暴露会抑制超氧化物歧化酶并导致脂质过氧化物和甲硫氨酸亚砜的积累，表明存在氧化应激和对脂质和蛋白质的损伤。我们的研究结果强调了氧化应激是 nZnO 和阿伏苯宗毒性的一个重要机制，特别是当它们共同存在时，并且强调了进一步研究这些常见 UV 滤光剂在底栖海洋生物中引起的氧化应激对其适应性影响的重要性。
