HIV, Health and Development Group, United Nations Development Programme, New York, New York, USA
Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Tob Control. 2024 May 2;33(Suppl 1):s3-s9. doi: 10.1136/tc-2023-058335.
More than 80% of the world's 1.3 billion tobacco users live in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where progress to address tobacco and its harms has been slow. The perception that tobacco control detracts from economic priorities has impeded progress. The Secretariat of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) is leading the FCTC 2030 project, which includes technical assistance to LMICs to analyse the economic costs of tobacco use and the benefits of tobacco control.
The Secretariat of the WHO FCTC, United Nations Development Programme and WHO supported 21 LMICs between 2017 and 2022 to complete national investment cases to guide country implementation of the WHO FCTC, with analytical support provided by RTI International. These country-level cases combine customised estimates of tobacco's economic impact with qualitative analysis of socio-political factors influencing tobacco control. This paper overviews the approach, observed tobacco control advancements and learnings from 21 countries: Armenia, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Chad, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Eswatini, Georgia, Ghana, Jordan, Laos, Madagascar, Myanmar, Nepal, Samoa, Sierra Leone, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Tunisia and Zambia.
Tobacco control advancements in line with investment case findings and recommendations have been observed in 17 of the 21 countries, and many have improved collaboration and policy coherence between health and economic stakeholders.
Tobacco control must be seen as more than a health concern. Tobacco control leads to economic benefits and contributes to sustainable development. National investment cases can support country ownership and leadership to advance tobacco control.
全球 13 亿烟民中，超过 80%生活在低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs），这些国家在解决烟草问题及其危害方面进展缓慢。人们认为控制烟草会影响经济优先事项，这阻碍了进展。世界卫生组织烟草控制框架公约（FCTC）秘书处正在领导 FCTC 2030 项目，其中包括向 LMICs 提供技术援助，以分析烟草使用的经济成本和烟草控制的效益。
世界卫生组织 FCTC 秘书处、联合国开发计划署和世界卫生组织在 2017 年至 2022 年期间支持了 21 个 LMIC 完成国家投资案例，以指导国家实施世界卫生组织 FCTC，由 RTI 国际提供分析支持。这些国家级案例将烟草的经济影响的定制估算与影响烟草控制的社会政治因素的定性分析结合在一起。本文概述了方法、观察到的 21 个国家的烟草控制进展和经验教训：亚美尼亚、佛得角、柬埔寨、乍得、哥伦比亚、哥斯达黎加、萨尔瓦多、斯威士兰、格鲁吉亚、加纳、约旦、老挝、马达加斯加、缅甸、尼泊尔、萨摩亚、塞拉利昂、斯里兰卡、苏里南、突尼斯和赞比亚。
在 21 个国家中的 17 个国家观察到与投资案例结果和建议一致的烟草控制进展，许多国家改善了卫生和经济利益相关者之间的合作和政策一致性。
烟草控制不仅是一个健康问题。烟草控制带来经济效益，有助于可持续发展。国家投资案例可以支持国家自主权和领导力，推进烟草控制。
