Rubin Devon I, Lamb Christopher J
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2024;201:43-59. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-90108-6.00010-7.
Electrodiagnostic (EDX) testing plays an important role in confirming a mononeuropathy, localizing the site of nerve injury, defining the pathophysiology, and assessing the severity and prognosis. The combination of nerve conduction studies (NCS) and needle electromyography findings provides the necessary information to fully assess a nerve. The pattern of NCS abnormalities reflects the underlying pathophysiology, with focal slowing or conduction block in neuropraxic injuries and reduced amplitudes in axonotmetic injuries. Needle electromyography findings, including spontaneous activity and voluntary motor unit potential changes, complement the NCS findings and further characterize chronicity and degree of axon loss and reinnervation. EDX is used as an objective marker to follow the progression of a mononeuropathy over time.
电诊断（EDX）测试在确诊单神经病、定位神经损伤部位、明确病理生理学以及评估严重程度和预后方面发挥着重要作用。神经传导研究（NCS）和针极肌电图检查结果相结合，为全面评估神经提供了必要信息。NCS异常模式反映了潜在的病理生理学，在神经失用性损伤中表现为局灶性减慢或传导阻滞，在轴索性损伤中表现为波幅降低。针极肌电图检查结果，包括自发电活动和随意运动单位电位变化，补充了NCS检查结果，并进一步明确了慢性程度、轴突丧失和再支配情况。EDX用作客观指标来跟踪单神经病随时间的进展情况。
