Montoya-Arroyo Alexander, Brand Viola, Kröpfl Alexander, Vetter Walter, Frank Jan
Department of Food Biofunctionality (140b), Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
Department of Food Chemistry (170b), Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2024 May;68(10):e2300657. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202300657. Epub 2024 May 3.
Tocomonoenols (T1) are little-known vitamin E derivatives naturally occurring in foods. Limited knowledge exists regarding the cellular uptake and metabolism of α-tocomonoenol (αT1) and none about that of γ-tocomonoenol (γT1).
The study investigates the cytotoxicity, uptake, and metabolism of αT1 and γT1 in HepG2 cells compared to the α- and γ-tocopherols (T) and -tocotrienols (T3). None of the studied tocochromanols are cytotoxic up to 100 µmol L. The uptake of the γ-congeners is significantly higher than that of the corresponding α-forms, whereas no significant differences are observed based on the degree of saturation of the sidechain. Carboxymethylbutyl-hydroxychromans (CMBHC) are the predominant short-chain metabolites of all tocochromanols and conversion is higher for γT1 than αT1 as well as for the γ-congeners of T and T3. The rate of metabolism increases with the number of double bonds in the sidechain. The rate of metabolic conversion of the T1 is more similar to tocopherols than to that of the tocotrienols.
This is the first evidence that both αT1 and γT1 follow the same sidechain degradation pathway and exert similar rates of metabolism than tocopherols. Therefore, investigation into the biological activities of tocomonoenols is warranted.
生育三烯酚（T1）是食品中天然存在的鲜为人知的维生素E衍生物。关于α-生育三烯酚（αT1）的细胞摄取和代谢的了解有限，而对于γ-生育三烯酚（γT1）则一无所知。
本研究调查了与α-和γ-生育酚（T）及生育三烯酚（T3）相比，αT1和γT1在HepG2细胞中的细胞毒性、摄取和代谢情况。在所研究的生育色满醇中，浓度高达100 μmol/L时均无细胞毒性。γ-同系物的摄取显著高于相应的α-形式，而基于侧链饱和度未观察到显著差异。羧甲基丁基羟基色满（CMBHC）是所有生育色满醇的主要短链代谢产物，γT1的转化率高于αT1，T和T3的γ-同系物也是如此。代谢速率随侧链中双键数量的增加而增加。T1的代谢转化率与生育酚的更相似，而与生育三烯酚的不同。
这是首个证据表明αT1和γT1均遵循相同的侧链降解途径，且代谢速率与生育酚相似。因此，有必要对生育三烯酚的生物活性进行研究。
