Kaushal Sonia, Kaur Vishaldeep, Panwar Harsh, Sharma Purshotam, Jangra Raman
Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Department of Dairy Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Front Chem. 2024 Apr 18;12:1372560. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1372560. eCollection 2024.
dropped fruits are generally discarded as waste, causing environmental pollution and losses to farmers. In the present study, column chromatography has been used to isolate quinic acid (1,3,4,5-tetrahydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid) from the ethyl acetate fraction of a methanol extract of citrus fruits dropped in April. Quinic acid is a ubiquitous plant metabolite found in various plants and microorganisms. It is an important precursor in the biosynthesis of aromatic natural compounds. It was further derivatized into 3,4-o-isopropylidenequinic acid 1,5-lactone (QA), 1,3,4,5-tetraacetoxycyclohexylaceticanhydride (QA), and cyclohexane-1,2,3,5-tetraone (QA). These compounds were further tested for their antibacterial potential against the foodborne pathogens , ., , and QA exhibited maximum antibacterial potential (minimum inhibitory concentration; 80-120 μg/mL). QA revealed synergistic behavior with streptomycin against all the tested bacterial strains having a fractional inhibitory concentration index ranging from 0.29 to 0.37. It also caused a significant increase in cell constituent release in all the tested bacteria compared to the control, along with prominent biofilm reduction. The results obtained were further checked with computational studies that revealed the best docking score of QA (-6.30 kcal/mol, -5.8 kcal/mol, and -4.70 kcal/mol) against β-lactamase, DNA gyrase, and transpeptidase, respectively. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analysis revealed that the drug-like properties of QA had an ideal toxicity profile, making it a suitable candidate for the development of antimicrobial drugs.
落果通常作为废弃物被丢弃，这会造成环境污染并给农民带来损失。在本研究中，已采用柱色谱法从4月掉落的柑橘类水果甲醇提取物的乙酸乙酯馏分中分离出奎尼酸（1,3,4,5-四羟基环己烷-1-羧酸）。奎尼酸是一种在各种植物和微生物中普遍存在的植物代谢产物。它是芳香天然化合物生物合成中的重要前体。它进一步被衍生化为3,4-O-异亚丙基奎尼酸1,5-内酯（QA）、1,3,4,5-四乙酰氧基环己基乙酸酐（QA）和环己烷-1,2,3,5-四酮（QA）。对这些化合物针对食源性病原体的抗菌潜力进行了进一步测试，QA表现出最大的抗菌潜力（最低抑菌浓度；80 - 120μg/mL）。QA与链霉素对所有测试细菌菌株均表现出协同作用，其分数抑菌浓度指数范围为0.29至0.37。与对照相比，它还导致所有测试细菌中的细胞成分释放显著增加，同时生物膜明显减少。所得结果通过计算研究进一步验证，该研究表明QA分别针对β-内酰胺酶、DNA促旋酶和转肽酶的最佳对接分数为-6.30 kcal/mol、-5.8 kcal/mol和-4.70 kcal/mol。吸收、分布、代谢、排泄和毒性（ADMET）分析表明，QA的类药性质具有理想的毒性特征，使其成为开发抗菌药物的合适候选物。
