Yan Wei, Zhou Ying
Altern Ther Health Med. 2025 Jan;31(1):414-421.
To analyze the application effect of evidence-based targeted nursing in severe preeclamptic women and its impact on maternal psychological status, quality of life, and maternal-infant outcomes.
A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 97 severe preeclamptic patients admitted to our hospital from June 2021 to June 2023. All patients met the complete inclusion and exclusion criteria. Based on the different nursing intervention plans received by the patients, they were divided into a control group (n=47) and an observation group (n=50). Patients in the control group received routine nursing intervention, while patients in the observation group received evidence-based targeted nursing. A comparison was made between the two groups in terms of levels of psychological status indicators, quality of life, maternal pregnancy outcomes, neonatal outcomes, Apgar scores, and nursing satisfaction.
(1) Psychological status indicators: Before the intervention, the two groups had no significant difference in EPDS scores and SAS scores (P > .05). After the intervention, the EPDS scores and SAS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < .05, effect size d = 0.65 for EPDS scores and d = 0.72 for SAS scores), indicating a substantial reduction in depression and anxiety levels. (2) Quality of life: Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the scores for health status, physiological function, and mental status between the two groups (P > .05). After the intervention, the scores for health status, physiological function, and mental status in the observation group were significantly higher than in the control group (P < .05, effect size d = 0.58 for health status, d = 0.63 for physiological function, and d = 0.61 for mental status), suggesting a notable improvement in the overall quality of life for patients. (3) Maternal pregnancy outcomes: The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the control group was 42.55%, while in the observation group, it was 18.00%. The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the observation group was significantly lower than in the control group (P < .05, effect size d = 0.82), indicating a substantial reduction in adverse outcomes. (4) Neonatal outcomes and Apgar scores: The incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes in the control group was 46.81%, with an Apgar score of (7.13±1.05), while in the observation group, it was 22.00%, with an Apgar score of (7.96±1.17). The incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes in the observation group was significantly lower, and the Apgar scores were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < .05, effect size d = 0.73 for adverse neonatal outcomes, and d = 0.68 for Apgar scores), indicating improved neonatal outcomes. (5) Nursing satisfaction: The nursing satisfaction in the control group was 80.85%, whereas in the observation group, it was 96.00%. The nursing satisfaction in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < .05, effect size d = 0.86), reflecting a higher level of satisfaction with the evidence-based targeted nursing intervention.
Evidence-based targeted nursing intervention in severe preeclamptic women demonstrates significant benefits in improving maternal psychological well-being, quality of life, and maternal-infant outcomes. The intervention effectively reduces depression and anxiety levels, enhances overall quality of life, and reduces the incidence of adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. The use of personalized care plans and enhanced patient education may contribute to these positive outcomes. Furthermore, evidence-based targeted nursing intervention promotes higher levels of nursing satisfaction and fosters better doctor-patient relationships. These findings highlight the importance of implementing evidence-based targeted nursing as a standard approach in the management of severe preeclampsia, ultimately improving the holistic care and well-being of both mothers and infants.
分析循证针对性护理在重度子痫前期患者中的应用效果及其对产妇心理状态、生活质量和母婴结局的影响。
回顾性分析2021年6月至2023年6月我院收治的97例重度子痫前期患者的临床资料。所有患者均符合完整的纳入和排除标准。根据患者接受的不同护理干预方案，将其分为对照组（n = 47）和观察组（n = 50）。对照组患者接受常规护理干预，观察组患者接受循证针对性护理。比较两组患者的心理状态指标水平、生活质量、孕产妇妊娠结局、新生儿结局、阿氏评分及护理满意度。
（1）心理状态指标：干预前，两组患者的爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）评分和焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。干预后，观察组的EPDS评分和SAS评分显著低于对照组（P < 0.05，EPDS评分的效应量d = 0.65，SAS评分的效应量d = 0.72），表明抑郁和焦虑水平大幅降低。（2）生活质量：干预前，两组患者的健康状况、生理功能和心理状态评分差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。干预后，观察组的健康状况、生理功能和心理状态评分显著高于对照组（P < 0.05，健康状况的效应量d = 0.58，生理功能的效应量d = 0.63，心理状态的效应量d = 0.61），提示患者的总体生活质量有显著改善。（3）孕产妇妊娠结局：对照组不良妊娠结局发生率为42.55%，观察组为18.00%。观察组不良妊娠结局发生率显著低于对照组（P < 0.05，效应量d = 0.82），表明不良结局大幅减少。（4）新生儿结局及阿氏评分：对照组不良新生儿结局发生率为46.81%，阿氏评分为（7.13±1.05），观察组分别为22.00%和（7.96±1.17）。观察组不良新生儿结局发生率显著更低，阿氏评分显著高于对照组（P < 0.05，不良新生儿结局的效应量d = 0.73，阿氏评分的效应量d = 0.68），表明新生儿结局得到改善。（5）护理满意度：对照组护理满意度为80.85%，观察组为96.00%。观察组护理满意度显著高于对照组（P < 0.05，效应量d = 0.86），反映出对循证针对性护理干预的满意度更高。
对重度子痫前期患者实施循证针对性护理干预在改善产妇心理健康、生活质量和母婴结局方面具有显著益处。该干预有效降低了抑郁和焦虑水平，提高了总体生活质量，降低了不良妊娠和新生儿结局的发生率。采用个性化护理计划和加强患者教育可能有助于取得这些积极成果。此外，循证针对性护理干预提高了护理满意度，促进了更好的医患关系。这些发现凸显了实施循证针对性护理作为重度子痫前期管理标准方法的重要性，最终改善了母婴的整体护理和健康状况。
