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欧亚大陆保存完好的犬科动物粪便化石首次发现：对元谋盆地独特生态位的新认识

First record of well-preserved canid coprolites from Eurasia: New insights into the unique ecological niche of Yuanmou Basin.

作者信息

Farjand Arya, Fu Liya, Rummy Paul, Halaçlar Kazim, Wang Jian, You Qiong, Su Hui, Bi Shundong

机构信息

Centre for Vertebrate Evolutionary Biology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.

Museum of Chuxiong Yi Nationality Autonomous Prefecture, Chuxiong, 675000, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.

出版信息

Heliyon. 2024 Apr 26;10(9):e30072. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30072. eCollection 2024 May 15.

DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30072
PMID:38707322
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11068622/
Abstract

This study reconstructs the Early Pleistocene paleoenvironment of the Yuanmou Basin through coproecology of the third member of the Yuanmou Formation. We examined 38 exceptionally well-preserved coprolites from a new fossil locality, and attributed the putative defecating agent to the hypercarnivorous diet canid, through geochemical and quantitative analyses. A new ichnogenus and ichnospecies, igen. et. isp. nov., was established based on distinctive characteristics. Multi-disciplinary analysis, including sediment palynology and lithostratigraphy, helped primarily reconstruct a significant climatic event during the early Pleistocene, coinciding with the emergence of Yuanmou Man during the fourth member of the Yuanmou Formation's deposition. The findings provide insights into coexistence between canids, hyaenas, hominoids, and other fauna, revealing a rich paleoecosystem and food chain in the region's history. This study contributes to understanding the complex ecological dynamics during this period in the Yuanmou Basin.

摘要

本研究通过元谋组第三段的粪化石群落重建了元谋盆地早更新世古环境。我们对一个新化石地点的38块保存异常完好的粪化石进行了研究，并通过地球化学和定量分析，将假定的排便者归因于食肉类犬科动物。基于独特特征建立了一个新的遗迹属和遗迹种，即新遗迹属及新遗迹种。包括沉积物孢粉学和岩石地层学在内的多学科分析，主要帮助重建了早更新世期间的一次重大气候事件，这与元谋人在元谋组第四段沉积期间的出现相吻合。这些发现为犬科动物、鬣狗、类人猿和其他动物之间的共存提供了见解，揭示了该地区历史上丰富的古生态系统和食物链。本研究有助于理解元谋盆地这一时期复杂的生态动态。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/aa332881ce75/gr12.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/ee7dc8ccbb5f/gr1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/248dc02068c4/gr2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/290a3c22f4f9/gr3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/ae61da70981f/gr4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/bfe0b0ecbd59/gr5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/6235d39b65a2/gr6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/fd0d668db0e4/gr7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/cda1d0493b3a/gr8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/078b420eef5e/gr9.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/35dc8712e1a2/gr10.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/81944bc147a4/gr11.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/aa332881ce75/gr12.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/ee7dc8ccbb5f/gr1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/248dc02068c4/gr2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/290a3c22f4f9/gr3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/ae61da70981f/gr4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/bfe0b0ecbd59/gr5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/6235d39b65a2/gr6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/fd0d668db0e4/gr7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/cda1d0493b3a/gr8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/078b420eef5e/gr9.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/35dc8712e1a2/gr10.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/81944bc147a4/gr11.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1a4b/11068622/aa332881ce75/gr12.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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Exceptionally well-preserved crocodilian coprolites from the Late Eocene of Northern Vietnam: Ichnology and paleoecological significance.越南北部晚始新世保存异常完好的鳄鱼粪化石：遗迹学及古生态学意义
iScience. 2023 Aug 11;26(9):107607. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107607. eCollection 2023 Sep 15.
2
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as a rapid means for assessing the source of coprolites.挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）作为评估粪化石来源的快速手段。
iScience. 2023 May 4;26(6):106806. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106806. eCollection 2023 Jun 16.
3
Fungal-induced fossil biomineralization.
真菌诱导的化石生物矿化。
Curr Biol. 2023 Jun 19;33(12):2417-2424.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.04.067. Epub 2023 May 24.
4
The first record of exceptionally-preserved spiral coprolites from the Tsagan-Tsab formation (lower cretaceous), Tatal, western Mongolia.蒙古国西部塔塔尔的 Tsagan-Tsab 组（下白垩统）中首次发现保存极为完好的螺旋状粪便化石。
Sci Rep. 2021 Apr 12;11(1):7891. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-87090-5.
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Beetle-bearing coprolites possibly reveal the diet of a Late Triassic dinosauriform.含有甲虫的粪化石可能揭示了一种晚三叠世恐龙形类动物的饮食。
R Soc Open Sci. 2019 Mar 13;6(3):181042. doi: 10.1098/rsos.181042. eCollection 2019 Mar.
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First bone-cracking dog coprolites provide new insight into bone consumption in and their unique ecological niche.首例碎骨犬类粪化石为深入了解犬类的骨骼消耗及其独特的生态位提供了新的见解。
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Early Pleistocene climate in western arid central Asia inferred from loess-palaeosol sequences.根据黄土-古土壤序列推断中亚西部干旱地区早更新世气候。
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