Cuperus Tryntsje, Wit Ben, Castelijn Greetje, Hengeveld Paul, Opsteegh Marieke, van der Giessen Joke, Harmanus Céline, van Prehn Joffrey, Kuijper Ed J, Smits Wiep Klaas
Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA), Utrecht, the Netherlands.
One Health. 2024 Apr 24;18:100739. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100739. eCollection 2024 Jun.
is a leading cause of infectious diarrhea in both humans and livestock. In particular, strains belonging to sequence type (ST) 11 are common enteropathogens. The aim of this study was to determine the presence and genetic relatedness of types in dairy cattle and calves.
Dutch dairy farms were visited between February and December 2021. Feces was collected from adult dairy cattle and calves of two age categories (<4 weeks and 4 weeks-4 months). Fecal samples were also requested from dairy farmers, family members and employees. Fecal samples were cultured in an enrichment medium for 10-15 days and subcultured on solid media for capillary PCR ribotyping and whole genome sequencing.
was detected on 31 out of 157 (19.8%) dairy farms. The highest prevalence was found in calves <4 weeks (17.5%). None of the 99 human samples collected were positive. Thirty-seven cultured isolates belonged to 11 different PCR ribotypes (RT) of which RT695 (56.8%) and RT078/126 (16.2%) were most abundant. In the database of the Netherlands National Expertise Centre for infections (CDI, >10.000 patient isolates), RT695 was found in only two patients with hospital-onset CDI, diagnosed in 2020 and 2021. Sequence analysis of 21 RT695 from cattle revealed that all isolates belonged to clade 5, ST11 and contained genes encoding toxin A, toxin B and binary toxin. RT695 strains carried antimicrobial resistance genes typically found in clade 5. Groups of genetically related RT695 isolates were found between dairy farms, whereas identical strains were only present in individual farms.
was found in ∼20% of dairy farms with a predominance of the relatively unknown RT695. Isolates of RT695 belonged to the same clade and sequence type as RT078/126, which is recognized as an important zoonotic type.
是人和牲畜感染性腹泻的主要病因。特别是，属于序列类型（ST）11的菌株是常见的肠道病原体。本研究的目的是确定奶牛和犊牛中类型的存在情况及其遗传相关性。
于2021年2月至12月期间走访了荷兰的奶牛场。从成年奶牛以及两个年龄组（<4周和4周 - 4个月）的犊牛中采集粪便。还向奶农、家庭成员和员工索要了粪便样本。粪便样本在富集培养基中培养10 - 15天，然后在固体培养基上进行传代培养，用于毛细管PCR核糖体分型和全基因组测序。
在157个奶牛场中的31个（19.8%）检测到。在<4周的犊牛中患病率最高（17.5%）。采集的99份人类样本均为阴性。37株培养分离株属于11种不同的PCR核糖体分型（RT），其中RT695（56.8%）和RT078/126（16.2%）最为常见。在荷兰国家感染专业知识中心（CDI，>10,000例患者分离株）的数据库中，仅在2020年和2021年诊断的2例医院获得性感染患者中发现了RT695。对来自牛的21株RT695进行序列分析表明，所有分离株均属于进化枝5、ST11，并含有编码毒素A、毒素B和二元毒素的基因。RT695菌株携带通常在进化枝5中发现的抗菌抗性基因。在不同奶牛场之间发现了遗传相关的RT695分离株组，而相同菌株仅存在于单个农场中。
在约20%的奶牛场中发现了，其中相对未知的RT695占主导。RT695分离株与RT078/126属于同一进化枝和序列类型，RT078/126被认为是一种重要的人畜共患病类型。
