Uzal Francisco A, Navarro Mauricio A, Asin Javier, Boix Oriol, Ballarà-Rodriguez Isaac, Gibert Xavier
California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, 105 W Central Ave, San Bernardino, CA 92408, USA.
Instituto de Patología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
Vet Microbiol. 2023 May;280:109691. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109691. Epub 2023 Feb 23.
Clostridium perfringens type C and Clostridioides difficile are the main enteric clostridial pathogens of swine and are both responsible for neonatal diarrhea in this species. The role of Clostridum perfringes type A is under discussion. History, clinical signs, gross lesions and histological findings are the basis for a presumptive diagnosis of C. perfringens type C or C. difficile infection. Confirmation is based upon detection of beta toxin of C. perfringens type C or toxin A/B of C. difficile, respectively, in intestinal contents or feces. Isolation of C. perfringens type C and/or C. difficile is highly suggestive of infection by these microorganisms but it is not enough to confirm a diagnosis as they may be found in the intestine of some healthy individuals. Diagnosis of C. perfringens type A-associated diarrhea is more challenging because the diagnostic criteria have not been well defined and the specific role of alpha toxin (encoded by all strains of this microorganism) and beta 2 toxin (produced by some type A strains) is not clear. The goal of this paper is to describe the main clostridial enteric diseases of piglets, including etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, pathology and diagnosis.
产气荚膜梭菌C型和艰难梭菌是猪主要的肠道梭菌病原体，二者均可导致猪的新生仔猪腹泻。A型产气荚膜梭菌的作用仍在讨论中。病史、临床症状、大体病变和组织学检查结果是疑似产气荚膜梭菌C型或艰难梭菌感染诊断的基础。确诊分别基于在肠内容物或粪便中检测产气荚膜梭菌C型的β毒素或艰难梭菌的毒素A/B。分离产气荚膜梭菌C型和/或艰难梭菌强烈提示这些微生物感染，但不足以确诊，因为在一些健康个体的肠道中也可能发现它们。A型产气荚膜梭菌相关性腹泻的诊断更具挑战性，因为诊断标准尚未明确界定，且α毒素（该微生物所有菌株均编码）和β2毒素（某些A型菌株产生）的具体作用尚不清楚。本文的目的是描述仔猪主要的梭菌性肠道疾病，包括病因、流行病学、发病机制、临床症状、病理学和诊断。
