Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China; Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Province, China.
Institut für Psychologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Physics and Life Science Imaging Center, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrativr Region of China; Faculty of Education, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Biol Psychol. 2024 Jul;190:108809. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108809. Epub 2024 May 7.
In the mind of the beholder the personality and facial attractiveness of others are interrelated. However, how these specific properties are processed in the neurocognitive system and interact with each other while economic decisions are made is not well understood. Here, we combined the ultimatum game with EEG technology, to investigate how alleged personality traits and the perceived facial attractiveness of proposers of fair and unfair offers influence their acceptance by the responders. As expected, acceptance rate was higher for fair than unfair allocations. Overall, responders were more likely to accept proposals from individuals with higher facial attractiveness and with more positive personality traits. In ERPs, words denoting negative personality traits elicited larger P2 components than positive trait words, and more attractive faces elicited larger LPC amplitudes. Replicating previous findings, FRN amplitudes were larger to unfair than to fair allocations. This effect was diminished if the proposer's faces were attractive or associated with positive personality traits. Hence, facial attractiveness and the valence of personality traits seem to be evaluated independently and at different time points. Subsequent decision making about unfair offers is similarly influenced by high attractiveness and positive personality of the proposer, diminishing the negative response normally elicited by "unfair" proposals, possibly due a "reward" effect. In the ERPs to the proposals the effect of positive personality and attractiveness were seen in the FRN and P300 components but for positive personality traits the effect even preceded the FRN effect. Altogether, the present results indicate that both high facial attractiveness and alleged positive personality mitigate the effects of unfair proposals, with temporally overlapping but independent neurocognitive correlates.
在旁观者看来，他人的个性和面部吸引力是相互关联的。然而，在做出经济决策时，这些特定的属性是如何在神经认知系统中被处理的，以及它们是如何相互作用的，目前还不是很清楚。在这里，我们将最后通牒博弈与 EEG 技术相结合，研究了提议者公平和不公平分配的所谓个性特征和感知到的面部吸引力如何影响回应者的接受程度。正如预期的那样，公平分配比不公平分配的接受率更高。总的来说，回应者更有可能接受来自面部吸引力更高和个性特征更积极的个体的提议。在 ERP 中，代表负面个性特征的词比代表正面特征的词诱发更大的 P2 成分，而更吸引人的面孔则诱发更大的 LPC 幅度。与之前的发现相吻合，FRN 幅度在不公平分配时比公平分配时更大。如果提议者的面孔具有吸引力或与正面个性特征相关联，则这种效应会减弱。因此，面部吸引力和个性特征的效价似乎是独立评估的，并且在不同的时间点进行评估。随后对不公平提议的决策同样受到提议者的高吸引力和正面个性的影响，从而减弱了通常由“不公平”提议引起的负面反应，这可能是由于“奖励”效应。在对提议的 ERP 中，积极个性和吸引力的影响体现在 FRN 和 P300 成分中，但对于积极个性特征，其影响甚至先于 FRN 效应。总之，这些结果表明，高面部吸引力和所谓的积极个性都减轻了不公平提议的影响，它们具有时间上重叠但独立的神经认知相关性。
