Bai Yuchen, Tong Qingsong, Rong Maohua, Tan Cong, Liu Xingyu, Li Man, Wang Jiang
School of Materials Science and Engineering & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
Materials (Basel). 2024 May 2;17(9):2137. doi: 10.3390/ma17092137.
In this study, the CALPHAD approach was employed to model the thermodynamics of the Au-Ge-X (X = In, Sb, Si, Zn) ternary systems, leveraging experimental phase equilibria data and previous assessments of related binary subsystems. The solution phases were modeled as substitutional solutions, and their excess Gibbs energies were expressed using the Redlich-Kister polynomial. Owing to the unavailability of experimental data, the solubility of the third elements in the Au-In, Au-Sb, and Au-Zn binary intermetallic compounds was excluded from consideration. Additionally, stable ternary intermetallic compounds were not reported in the literature and, thus, were not taken into account in the present thermodynamic calculations. Calculations of liquidus projections, isothermal sections, and vertical sections for these ternary systems have been performed, aligning with existing experimental findings. These thermodynamic parameters form a vital basis for creating a comprehensive thermodynamic database for Au-Ge-based alloys, which is essential for the design and development of new high-temperature Pb-free solders.
在本研究中，采用CALPHAD方法对Au-Ge-X（X = In、Sb、Si、Zn）三元系的热力学进行建模，利用实验相平衡数据和相关二元子体系的先前评估结果。溶液相被建模为置换固溶体，其过剩吉布斯自由能用Redlich-Kister多项式表示。由于缺乏实验数据，未考虑第三组元在Au-In、Au-Sb和Au-Zn二元金属间化合物中的溶解度。此外，文献中未报道稳定的三元金属间化合物，因此在当前的热力学计算中未予考虑。已对这些三元系的液相线投影、等温截面和垂直截面进行了计算，与现有的实验结果一致。这些热力学参数构成了创建基于Au-Ge合金的综合热力学数据库的重要基础，这对于新型高温无铅焊料的设计和开发至关重要。
