Department of Interfacial Phenomena, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Maria Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Apr 23;25(9):4590. doi: 10.3390/ijms25094590.
Polysaccharide-based systems have very good emulsifying and stabilizing properties, and starch plays a leading role. Their modifications should add new quality features to the product to such an extent that preserves the structure-forming properties of native starch. The aim of this manuscript was to examine the physicochemical characteristics of the combinations of starch with phospholipids or lysozymes and determine the effect of starch modification (surface hydrophobization or biological additives) and preparation temperature (before and after gelatinization). Changes in electrokinetic potential (zeta), effective diameter, and size distribution as a function of time were analyzed using the dynamic light scattering and microelectrophoresis techniques. The wettability of starch-coated glass plates before and after modification was checked by the advancing and receding contact angle measurements, as well as the angle hysteresis, using the settle drop method as a complement to profilometry and FTIR. It can be generalized that starch dispersions are more stable than analogous -alkane/starch emulsions at room and physiological temperatures. On the other hand, the contact angle hysteresis values usually decrease with temperature increase, pointing to a more homogeneous surface, and the hydrophobization effect decreases vs. the thickness of the substrate. Surface hydrophobization of starch carried out using an -alkane film does not change its bulk properties and leads to improvement of its mechanical and functional properties. The obtained specific starch-based hybrid systems, characterized in detail by switchable wettability, give the possibility to determine the energetic state of the starch surface and understand the strength and specificity of interactions with substances of different polarities in biological processes and their applicability for multidirectional use.
多糖基系统具有非常好的乳化和稳定性能，其中淀粉起着主导作用。对其进行修饰应该会为产品增加新的质量特性，以至于保留天然淀粉的结构形成特性。本文的目的是研究淀粉与磷脂或溶菌酶组合的物理化学特性，并确定淀粉修饰（表面疏水化或生物添加剂）和制备温度（胶凝前后）的影响。使用动态光散射和微电泳技术分析了电动电位（zeta）、有效直径和随时间变化的粒径分布的变化。通过前进和后退接触角测量以及沉降滴法作为轮廓法和 FTIR 的补充来检查修饰前后涂有淀粉的玻璃盘的润湿性以及滞后角。可以概括的是，在室温及生理温度下，淀粉分散体比类似的正烷烃/淀粉乳液更稳定。另一方面，滞后角值通常随温度升高而降低，表明表面更均匀，疏水性随基底厚度的增加而降低。使用正烷烃膜对淀粉进行的表面疏水化不会改变其本体性质，并改善其机械和功能性质。所获得的特定基于淀粉的混合系统具有可切换润湿性的特点，使我们能够确定淀粉表面的能量状态，并理解在生物过程中与不同极性物质的相互作用的强度和特异性，以及它们在多方向应用的适用性。
