Health Informatics Research Laboratory (HIRL), Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Apr 29;24(9):2830. doi: 10.3390/s24092830.
Lung diseases are the third-leading cause of mortality in the world. Due to compromised lung function, respiratory difficulties, and physiological complications, lung disease brought on by toxic substances, pollution, infections, or smoking results in millions of deaths every year. Chest X-ray images pose a challenge for classification due to their visual similarity, leading to confusion among radiologists. To imitate those issues, we created an automated system with a large data hub that contains 17 datasets of chest X-ray images for a total of 71,096, and we aim to classify ten different disease classes. For combining various resources, our large datasets contain noise and annotations, class imbalances, data redundancy, etc. We conducted several image pre-processing techniques to eliminate noise and artifacts from images, such as resizing, de-annotation, CLAHE, and filtering. The elastic deformation augmentation technique also generates a balanced dataset. Then, we developed DeepChestGNN, a novel medical image classification model utilizing a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) to extract 100 significant deep features indicative of various lung diseases. This model, incorporating Batch Normalization, MaxPooling, and Dropout layers, achieved a remarkable 99.74% accuracy in extensive trials. By combining graph neural networks (GNNs) with feedforward layers, the architecture is very flexible when it comes to working with graph data for accurate lung disease classification. This study highlights the significant impact of combining advanced research with clinical application potential in diagnosing lung diseases, providing an optimal framework for precise and efficient disease identification and classification.
肺部疾病是全球第三大死亡原因。由于肺部功能受损、呼吸困难和生理并发症,由有毒物质、污染、感染或吸烟引起的肺部疾病每年导致数百万人死亡。由于胸部 X 光图像在视觉上相似,导致放射科医生之间存在混淆,因此分类具有挑战性。为了模拟这些问题,我们创建了一个具有大型数据中心的自动化系统,其中包含 17 个胸部 X 光图像数据集,总共 71096 张,我们旨在对 10 种不同的疾病进行分类。为了结合各种资源,我们的大型数据集包含噪声和注释、类别不平衡、数据冗余等。我们进行了几种图像预处理技术,例如调整大小、去注释、CLAHE 和滤波,以消除图像中的噪声和伪影。弹性变形增强技术也生成了平衡数据集。然后,我们开发了 DeepChestGNN,这是一种利用深度卷积神经网络(DCNN)提取 100 个表示各种肺部疾病的重要深度特征的新型医学图像分类模型。该模型结合了批量归一化、最大池化和 dropout 层,在广泛的试验中达到了惊人的 99.74%的准确率。通过将图神经网络(GNNs)与前馈层相结合,该架构在处理用于准确肺部疾病分类的图数据时非常灵活。这项研究强调了将先进研究与临床应用潜力相结合在诊断肺部疾病方面的重大影响,为精确和高效的疾病识别和分类提供了最佳框架。