Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
BMC Vet Res. 2024 May 11;20(1):194. doi: 10.1186/s12917-024-04041-8.
In the left axilla of a formalin-embalmed adult female cross-breed dog, an unusual course of the axillary artery in relation to the brachial plexus was noted. A part of the axillary artery after the origin of the subscapular artery coursed through the loop formed by the contributions of the caudal pectoral and lateral thoracic nerves and then between the median and ulnar nerves. Thus, the common trunk for the latter two nerves was missing. Instead, in the proximal brachium, they communicated with each other in both directions. A communicating branch between the cranial and caudal pectoral nerves forming a nerve loop, ansa pectoralis lacked the axillary artery and was instead traversed by the subscapular artery. This is a variation in the relationship between the axillary artery and brachial plexus in the domestic dog and has not been reported in the literature yet. The axillary artery entrapped by the contributions of the caudal and lateral thoracic nerves may be considered as a risk factor for the neuroarterial compressions with non-specific signs and should be taken into account both in surgery and imaging.
在一只经福尔马林固定的成年杂种雌性犬的左腋窝中，注意到腋动脉与臂丛的关系异常。在肩胛下动脉起源后，腋动脉的一部分穿过由胸侧后神经和外侧胸神经贡献形成的环，然后位于正中神经和尺神经之间。因此，后两根神经的共同干缺失。相反，在前臂近端，它们在两个方向上相互连通。胸侧后神经和胸侧前神经之间形成神经环的交通支缺失腋动脉，而是由肩胛下动脉穿过。这是家犬腋动脉与臂丛关系的一种变异，尚未见文献报道。被胸侧后神经和外侧胸神经贡献物包围的腋动脉可能被认为是具有非特异性征象的神经血管压迫的危险因素，在手术和影像学检查中都应考虑到这一点。
